I-Acetonitrile, efushaniswe ngokuthi i-ACN, iyi-nitrile ephilayo elula kakhulu, evame ukubizwa nangokuthi i-methane cyanide kanye ne-methyl nitrile. Iwuketshezi olungenambala futhi olubonakalayo ekushiseni kwegumbi. Iyashintshashintsha kakhulu futhi inephunga elikhethekile le-Chemicalbook elifana ne-ether. Iyasha futhi iyasha. Kukhona ilangabi elikhanyayo. Ixutshwa namanzi, i-methanol, i-carbon tetrachloride, i-methyl acetate, i-ethyl acetate, i-dichloroethane kanye nezinyibilikisi eziningi ze-hydrocarbon ezingagcwalisiwe.

Izakhiwo Zamakhemikhali ze-Acetonitrile

Inombolo ye-CAS 75-05-8

Ifomula yama-moleculeC2H3N

Isisindo sama-molecule 41.05

Inombolo ye-EINECS 200-835-2

Iphuzu lokuncibilika -45°C (ngokukhanya)

Iphuzu lokubila 81-82°C (lit.)

Ubuningi 0.786g/mL ku-25°C (ngokukhanya)

Ubuningi bomusi 1.41 (vsair)

Umfutho womusi 72.8mmHg (20°ChemicalbookC)

Inkomba yokubuka kabusha n20/D1 .344(lit.)

Iphoyinti lokuphazima 48°F

Izimo zokugcina Gcina ku-+5°C kuya ku-+30°C.

Ukuncibilika Okuncibilika ezinyibilikisini eziphilayo

I-coefficient ye-asidi (pKa) 25 (at25°C)

Ifomu loketshezi

I-Acetonitrile inezakhiwo ezinhle kakhulu zokunyibilikisa futhi iyi-organic intermediate ebalulekile. Ekuhlanganiseni, i-ACN ivame ukusetshenziswa njenge-reaction solvent. Iyi-polar aprotic solvent futhi inomphumela wokunyibilikisa ofana ne-DMF noma i-DMSO; i-acetonitrile ine-boliling point ephansi futhi kulula ukuyisusa. I-solvent iyindlela enkulu yokusebenzisa i-acetonitrile. Ingasetshenziswa njenge-solvent yokwenza i-vitamin A, i-cortisone, izidakamizwa ze-carbon amine kanye ne-intermediate yazo. Iphinde isetshenziswe njenge-active medium solvent yokwenza i-vitamin B1 nama-amino acid. Ingathatha indawo ye-chlorine solvents. Isetshenziswa ekumbozweni kwe-vinyl, isetshenziswa futhi njenge-extractant yama-fatty acids, i-alcohol denaturant, i-butadiene extractant kanye ne-solvent ye-acrylonitrile synthetic fibers. Iphinde isetshenziswe kakhulu ekudayiseni indwangu, embonini yokukhanyisa, ekukhiqizeni amakha kanye nasekukhiqizeni izinto ezithinta ukukhanya.

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