Ukuhlelwa kwedatha ebonakalayo

1. Isakhiwo: amakristalu amhlophe kuya kokubomvu aluhlaza, amnyama ngombala uma egcinwe emoyeni isikhathi eside.

2. Ukuminyana (g/mL, 20/4℃): 1.181.

3. Ukuminyana okuhlobene (20℃, 4℃): 1.25. 4.

Iphoyinti lokuncibilika (ºC):122 ~ 123. 5.

Indawo yokubilisa (ºC, ngomfutho womoya):285 ~ 286. 6.

6. iphoyinti elikhanyayo(ºC): 153. 7. ukuncibilika: okungancibiliki.

Ukunyibilika: okungancibiliki emanzini abandayo, kuncibilika emanzini ashisayo, i-ethanol, i-ether, i-chloroform, i-benzene, i-glycerin ne-lye [1] .

Ukuhlelwa kwedatha

1, Inkomba ye-Molar refractive: 45.97

2. Ivolumu ye-Molar (cm3/mol): 121.9

3, Ivolumu ethize ye-Isotonic (90.2K): 326.1

4, Ukungezwani kwendawo (3.0 dyne/cm): 51.0

5, Isilinganiso se-Polarization (0.5 10-24cm3): 18.22 [1]

Imvelo nokuzinza

hlela

1. I-Toxicology ifana ne-phenol, futhi igqwala kakhulu. Ukucasula kakhulu esikhumbeni. Imuncwa kalula ngesikhumba. Ubuthi ekujikelezeni kwegazi nezinso. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kungabangela ukulimala kwe-cornea. Nakuba inani elibulalayo lingaziwa, kuye kwaba nezimo zokufa kusuka ekusetshenzisweni kwezihloko ze-3 kuya ku-4g. Imishini yokukhiqiza kufanele ivalwe futhi ingavuzi, futhi kufanele iwashwe ngesikhathi esifanele uma ichaphazwe esikhumbeni. Amashabhu kufanele afakwe umoya futhi imishini kufanele ingangeni. Abaqhubi kufanele bagqoke izinto zokuzivikela.

2. Ukuvutha, umbala wesitoreji eside kancane kancane uba mnyama, uzinze emoyeni, kodwa lapho ubekwe elangeni kancane kancane uba mnyama. I-Sublimation ngokufudumeza, enephunga le-phenol elicasulayo.

3. ekhona ku-flue gas. 4.

4. isixazululo esinamanzi siphenduka sibe luhlaza nge-ferric chloride [1] .

Indlela yokugcina

hlela

1. Kufakwe izikhwama zepulasitiki, amasaka noma izikhwama ezilukiweyo, isisindo senetha 50kg noma 60kg isikhwama ngasinye.

2. isitoreji kanye nezinto zokuhamba kufanele zingashi, zivikele umswakama, zingavikeleki. Igcinwe endaweni eyomile, engenawo umoya. Gcina futhi uthuthe ngokuvumelana nemithethonqubo yezinto ezivuthayo nezinobuthi.

Indlela yokwenziwa

hlela

1. Yenziwe nge-naphthalene ngokusebenzisa i-sulfonation kanye nokuncibilika kwe-alkali. Ukuncibilika kwe-alkali ye-sulfonation kuyindlela yokukhiqiza esetshenziswa kakhulu ekhaya naphesheya, kodwa ukugqwala kubi kakhulu, izindleko ziphezulu futhi ukusetshenziswa kwamanzi angcolile komoyampilo kuphezulu. Indlela ye-2-isopropylnaphthalene eyakhiwe yi-American Cyanamid Company ithatha i-naphthalene kanye ne-propylene njengezinto zokusetshenziswa, futhi ikhiqiza i-2-naphthol kanye ne-acetone by-products ngesikhathi esifanayo, efana nendaba ye-phenol ngendlela ye-isopropylbenzene. I-quota yokusetshenziswa kwempahla eluhlaza: 1170kg/t i-naphthalene enhle, 1080kg/t sulfuric acid, 700kg/t solid caustic soda.

2. Shisisa i-naphthalene emsulwa encibilikisiwe ibe ngu-140℃, ngesilinganiso se-naphthalene:i-sulfuric acid = 1:1.085 (i-molar ratio), i-sulfuric acid engu-98% ku-20min, kanye ne-sulfuric acid engu-98% ku-20min.

Ukusabela kuzophela lapho okuqukethwe kwe-2-naphthalenesulfonic acid kufinyelela ngaphezulu kwama-66% futhi i-acidity ephelele ingu-25% -27%, khona-ke ukusabela kwe-hydrolysis kuzokwenziwa ku-160 ℃ ngehora elingu-1, ama-naphthalenes amahhala azoshaywa umhwamuko wamanzi. ku-140-150℃, bese ukuminyana okuhlobene kwama-naphthalenes angu-1.14 kuzokwengezwa kancane nangokulinganayo ku-80-90℃ kusengaphambili. Isixazululo se-sodium sulfite asishintshi kuze kube yilapho iphepha lokuhlola elibomvu laseCongo lingashintshi ngokuluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka. Ukusabela kwegesi yesulfure dioxide ekhiqizwe ngesikhathi ngokususwa komusi, imikhiqizo yokungathathi hlangothi ipholiswe kumakristalu okupholisa angama-35 ~ 40 ℃, imunca amakristalu esihlungi ngamanzi anosawoti angu-10%, omile, angezwe esimweni esincibilikisiwe se-98% ye-sodium. i-hydroxide ku-300 ~ 310 ℃, inyakazisa futhi igcine i-320 ~ 330 ℃, ukuze isisekelo se-sodium 2-naphthalene sulfonate sihlanganiswe ne-2-naphthol sodium, bese sisebenzisa amanzi ashisayo ukuncibilikisa isisekelo, bese sidlulela ngenhla Neutralize the i-sulphur dioxide ekhiqizwa ukusabela, ukusabela kwe-acidification ku-70 ~ 80 ℃ kuze kube yilapho i-phenolphthalein ingenambala. Imikhiqizo acidification kuyoba layering static, ungqimba engenhla uketshezi ukushisisa abilayo, static, ihlukaniswe ungqimba aqueous, umkhiqizo ongahluziwe ka 2-naphthol kuqala eshisa amanzi emzimbeni, bese decompression ziphuzo zazihluzwa, kungaba umkhiqizo okumsulwa.

3. Indlela yokukhipha kanye ne-crystallization yokususa i-naphthol engu-1 ku-2-naphthol. Xuba i-2-naphthol namanzi ngesilinganiso esithile bese ushisa ku-95℃, lapho i-2-naphthol incibilika, gudluza ingxube ngamandla futhi wehlise izinga lokushisa libe ngu-85℃ noma ngaphezulu, pholisa umkhiqizo odakayo ocwebezelayo ekamelweni lokushisa nesihlungi. Okuqukethwe kwe-1-naphthol kulandeleka ngokuhlaziywa kobumsulwa. 4.

Ikhiqizwa kusuka ku-2-naphthalenesulfonic acid ngokuncibilika kwe-alkali [2].

Indlela yokugcina

hlela

1. Kufakwe izikhwama zepulasitiki, amasaka noma izikhwama ezilukiweyo, isisindo senetha 50kg noma 60kg isikhwama ngasinye.

2. isitoreji kanye nezinto zokuhamba kufanele zingashi, zivikele umswakama, zingavikeleki. Igcinwe endaweni eyomile, engenawo umoya. Gcina futhi uthuthe ngokuvumelana nemithethonqubo yezinto ezivuthayo nezinobuthi.

Sebenzisa

hlela

1. Izinto ezibalulekile eziphilayo ezisetshenziswayo kanye neziphakathi zikadayi, ezisetshenziswa ekwenzeni i-tartaric acid, i-butyric acid, i-β-naphthol-3-carboxylic acid, futhi isetshenziselwa ukwakhiwa kwe-antioxidant butyl, i-DNP ye-antioxidant namanye ama-antioxidants, ama-pigments e-organic kanye nama-fungicides.

2. Isetshenziswa njenge-reagent ekunqumeni i-sulfonamide nama-amine anephunga elimnandi nge-chromatography yongqimba oluncane. Ibuye isetshenziselwe ukuhlanganiswa kwe-organic.

3. Isetshenziselwa ukuthuthukisa i-cathodic polarization, ukulungisa i-crystallization nokunciphisa usayizi we-pore ku-acidic tin plating. Ngenxa yemvelo ye-hydrophobic yalo mkhiqizo, okuqukethwe ngokweqile kuzodala ukuminyana kwe-gelatin kanye nemvula, okuholela emigqeni ekucwecweni.

4. Isetshenziswa kakhulu ekukhiqizweni kwe-asidi ewolintshi Z, i-asidi ewolintshi II, i-acid emnyama i-ATT, i-acid mordant emnyama T, i-acid mordant emnyama A, i-acid mordant emnyama R, inkimbinkimbi ye-asidi ephinki B, i-asidi eyinkimbinkimbi ebomvu ensundu, i-BRRW, i-acid complex i-WAN emnyama , umbala we-phenol AS, umbala we-phenol AS-D, umbala we-phenol AS-OL, umbala we-phenol AS-SW, osawolintshi okhanyayo okhanyayo X-GN, osawolintshi okhanyayo osebenzayo i-K-GN, obomvu osebenzayo i-K-1613, obomvu osebenzayo i-K-1613, osebenzayo okusawolintshi okukhanyayo X-GN, okusawolintshi okukhanyayo okusebenzayo K-GN. I-Neutral Purple BL, Neutral Black BGL, Direct Copper Salt Blue 2R, Direct Sunlight Resistant Blue B2PL, Direct Blue RG, Direct Blue RW kanye nabanye odayi [2].