Isihluzi Sopende Isihluzi Sopende Esiphezulu/isisusi sopende

 Isihluzi Sopende Isihluzi Sopende Esiphezulu/isisusi sopende

Izici:

l Ukususa upende olunobungani nemvelo

l Akugqwali, sebenzisa ukuphepha futhi usebenzise kalula

l Ayiqukethe i-asidi, i-benzene nezinye izinto eziyingozi

l Ingasetshenziswa kabusha ngokuhlanza ifilimu yopende kanye ne-slag yopende esixazululweni

l Ingasusa i-phenolic resin, i-acrylic, i-epoxy, upende wokuqeda we-polyurethane kanye nopende ophambili ngokushesha

 

Inqubo yokufaka isicelo:

Ukubukeka: Uketshezi olusobala olungenambala kuya kolukhanyayo olunsundu

l Indlela yokwelapha: Ukucwilisa

l Isikhathi sokwelashwa: 1-15min

l Ukushisa kokwelashwa: 15-35℃

l Ngemuva kokwelashwa: Hlanza ifilimu yopende eseleyo ngokusebenzisa amanzi anomfutho ophezulu

Isaziso:

1. Izinyathelo Zokuqapha

(1) Akuvunyelwe ukuyithinta ngqo ngaphandle kokuvikela ukuphepha;

(2) Gqoka amagilavu ​​​​okuphepha kanye nezibuko ngaphambi kokukusebenzisa

(3) Gcina kude nokushisa, umlilo bese uwugcina endaweni enomthunzi, enomoya opholile

2. Izindlela zokusiza kuqala

1. Geza ngamanzi amaningi ngokushesha, uma uthinta isikhumba neso. Bese ucela iseluleko sezokwelapha ngokushesha.

2. Phuza cishe i-10% ye-sodium carbonate emanzini ngokushesha, uma kwenzeka ugwinya i-remover yopende. Bese ucela iseluleko sezokwelapha ngokushesha.

 

Isicelo:

l Insimbi ye-carbon

l Ishidi elihlanganisiwe

l Ingxubevange ye-aluminium

l ingxubevange ye-magnesium

l Ithusi, ingilazi, ukhuni kanye nepulasitiki njll.

 

Iphakheji, indawo yokugcina kanye nokuthuthwa:

l Itholakala ngo-200 kg/emgqonyeni noma ngo-25 kg/emgqonyeni

Isikhathi sokugcina: ~izinyanga eziyi-12 ezitsheni ezivaliwe, endaweni enomthunzi neyomile

Ukususa upende kanye ne-plasticizer

Ukususa upende kanye ne-plasticizer

isethulo

Njengamanje, ukuthuthukiswa kwe-paint stripper eShayina kuyashesha kakhulu, kodwa kusenezinkinga ezithile, njengobuthi obuphezulu, umphumela wokungagculisi upende kanye nokungcola okukhulu. Ikhwalithi ephezulu, okuqukethwe kobuchwepheshe obuphezulu kanye nemikhiqizo enenani eliphezulu imbalwa. Enqubweni yokulungiselela i-paint stripper, i-paraffin wax ivame ukungezwa, yize ingavimbela i-solvent ukuthi ingashisi ngokushesha, kodwa ngemva kokugculisi upende, i-paraffin wax ivame ukuhlala ebusweni bento ezopendwa, ngakho-ke kuyadingeka ukususa ngokuphelele i-paraffin wax, ngenxa yezimo ezahlukene zobuso obuzopendwa, okwenza kube nzima kakhulu ukususa i-paraffin wax, okuletha ukuphazamiseka okukhulu embozweni olandelayo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ngokuthuthuka kobuchwepheshe kanye nentuthuko yezenhlalo, abantu baya ngokuya beqaphela ukuvikelwa kwemvelo futhi banezidingo eziphakeme kakhulu ze-paint strippers. Sekuyiminyaka eminingi, imboni yopende izama ukunciphisa ukusetshenziswa kwe-solvents. Kodwa-ke, i-solvents ibaluleke kakhulu ekupendeni i-strippers, ngakho-ke ukukhethwa kwe-solvents kubaluleke kakhulu. Isigaba 612 se-German Technical Specification (TRGS) besilokhu sikhawulela ukusetshenziswa kweziqeshana zopende ze-methylene chloride ukuze kuncishiswe izingozi zomsebenzi. Okuphawulekayo ukuthi ukusetshenziswa okuqhubekayo kweziqeshana zopende ze-methylene chloride zendabuko ngabahlobisi ngaphandle kokubheka ukuphepha kwendawo yokusebenza. Zombili izinhlelo eziqinile kakhulu nezisekelwe emanzini ziyizinketho zokunciphisa okuqukethwe kwe-solvent nokudala umkhiqizo ophephile ukuwusebenzisa. Ngakho-ke iziqeshana zopende ezisekelwe emanzini ezinobungani nemvelo futhi ezisebenza kahle zizoba yindlela eya phambili yeziqeshana zopende. Iziqeshana zopende ezisezingeni eliphezulu, ezisezingeni eliphezulu ezinokuqukethwe okuphezulu zithembisa kakhulu.

Goqa ukuhlela lesi sigaba izinhlobo zokusika upende

1) Umhluzi wopende we-alkaline

I-alkaline paint stripper ngokuvamile iqukethe izinto ze-alkaline (i-sodium hydroxide evame ukusetshenziswa, umlotha wesoda, ingilazi yamanzi, njll.), ama-surfactants, ama-corrosion inhibitors, njll., ezifudunyezwa uma zisetshenziswa. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, i-alkaline ifaka ama-saponing amaqembu athile kupende bese incibilika emanzini; ngakolunye uhlangothi, umusi oshisayo upheka ifilimu yokumboza, okwenza ilahlekelwe amandla futhi inciphise ukunamathela kwayo ensimbini, okuthi, kanye nomphumela wokungena kwe-surfactant, ukungena kanye nokusondelana, ekugcineni kubangele ukuthi ukumboza okudala kubhujiswe. Kuphele.

2) Umhluzi wopende we-asidi.

I-Acid paint stripper iyi-paint stripper eyakhiwe ngama-asidi aqinile njenge-sulfuric acid egxilile, i-hydrochloric acid, i-phosphoric acid kanye ne-nitric acid. Ngenxa yokuthi i-hydrochloric acid egxilile kanye ne-nitric acid ziyashintsha kalula futhi zikhiqize i-acid inkungu, futhi zinomphumela wokugqwala ku-substrate yensimbi, futhi i-phosphoric acid egxilile ithatha isikhathi eside ukugqwala upende futhi inomphumela wokugqwala ku-substrate, ngakho-ke, ama-asidi amathathu angenhla awavamile ukusetshenziswa ukugqwala upende. I-sulfuric acid egxilile kanye ne-aluminium, insimbi kanye nezinye izinsimbi ukusabela kokudlula, ngakho-ke ukugqwala kwensimbi kuncane kakhulu, futhi ngesikhathi esifanayo kunokuphelelwa amanzi okunamandla, i-carbonization kanye ne-sulfonation yezinto eziphilayo futhi kuyenze incibilike emanzini, ngakho-ke i-sulfuric acid egxilile ivame ukusetshenziswa ku-acid paint stripper.

3) Umhluzi wopende ojwayelekile we-solvent

I-solver ejwayelekile yokupenda i-solvent yakhiwe ngengxube ye-solvent evamile ye-organic ne-paraffin, njenge-T-1, T-2, T-3 paint stripper; i-T-1 paint stripper yakhiwe nge-ethyl acetate, i-acetone, i-ethanol, i-benzene, i-paraffin; i-T-2 yakhiwe nge-ethyl acetate, i-acetone, i-methanol, i-benzene nezinye izinyibilikisi kanye ne-paraffin; i-T-3 yakhiwe nge-methylene chloride, i-plexiglass, i-plexi-glass nezinye izinyibilikisi. I-ethanol, i-paraffin wax, njll. zixubile, zinobuthi obuphansi, zinomphumela omuhle wokupenda. Zinomphumela wokupenda kupende we-alkyd, upende we-nitro, upende we-acrylic kanye nopende we-perchloroethylene. Kodwa-ke, i-solvent ye-organic kulolu hlobo lwe-paint stripper iyashintshashintsha, iyavutha futhi inobuthi, ngakho-ke kufanele isetshenziswe endaweni enomoya omuhle.

4) Isihlanzisi sopende esincibilikisiwe se-hydrocarbon

I-chlorine hydrocarbon solvent paint stripper ixazulula inkinga yokukhumula upende we-epoxy kanye ne-polyurethane coatings, kulula ukuyisebenzisa, isebenza kahle kakhulu futhi ayiboli kakhulu ezinsimbini. Iqukethe ikakhulukazi izinyibilikisi (izihlungi zopende zendabuko zisebenzisa kakhulu i-methylene chloride njenge-organic solvent, kuyilapho izihlungi zopende zesimanje zivame ukusebenzisa izinyibilikisi ezinamazinga aphezulu okubila, njenge-dimethylaniline, i-dimethyl sulfoxide, i-propylene carbonate kanye ne-N-methyl pyrrolidone, kuhlanganiswe ne-alcohols kanye nezinyibilikisi ezinuka kamnandi, noma kuhlanganiswe nezinhlelo ze-hydrophilic alkaline noma ze-acidic), izinyibilikisi ezihlangene (njenge-methanol, i-ethanol kanye ne-isopropyl alcohol, njll.) Izishukumisi (njenge-phenol, i-formic acid noma i-ethanolamine, njll.), izithisi (njenge-polyvinyl alcohol, i-methyl cellulose, i-ethyl cellulose kanye ne-fumed silica, njll.), izithisi eziguquguqukayo (njenge-paraffin wax, i-ping ping, njll.), izithasi (njenge-OP-10, i-OP-7 kanye ne-sodium alkyl benzene sulfonate, njll.), izithisi zokugqwala, izithasi zokungena, izithasi zokumanzisa kanye nezithasi ze-thixotropic.

5) Umhluzi wopende osekelwe emanzini

EShayina, abacwaningi baphumelele ekwakheni umshini wokusika upende osekelwe emanzini besebenzisa i-benzyl alcohol esikhundleni se-dichloromethane njenge-solvent eyinhloko. Ngaphandle kwe-benzyl alcohol, ihlanganisa ne-ejenti yokujiya, i-volatile inhibitor, i-activator kanye ne-surfactant. Ukwakheka kwayo okuyisisekelo (isilinganiso sevolumu): 20%-40% ingxenye ye-solvent kanye 40%-60% ingxenye ye-acidic emanzini ene-surfactant. Uma kuqhathaniswa nomshini wokusika upende wendabuko we-dichloromethane, inobuthi obuncane kanye nesivinini esifanayo sokususa upende. Ingasusa upende we-epoxy, i-epoxy zinc yellow primer, ikakhulukazi upende wokusika isikhumba wendiza unomphumela omuhle wokusika upende.

Goqa ukuhlela lesi sigaba izingxenye ezivamile

1) Isinyibilikisi esiyinhloko

I-solvent eyinhloko ingancibilikisa ifilimu yopende ngokungena kwama-molecule nokuvuvukala, okungabhubhisa ukunamathela kwefilimu yopende ku-substrate kanye nesakhiwo sendawo sefilimu yopende, ngakho-ke i-benzene, i-hydrocarbon, i-ketone ne-ether ngokuvamile kusetshenziswa njenge-solvents eyinhloko, kanti i-hydrocarbon iyona engcono kakhulu. I-solvents eyinhloko yi-benzene, ama-hydrocarbons, ama-ketone nama-ethers, kanti ama-hydrocarbons angcono kakhulu. I-solvent paint stripper engenabo ubuthi obuphansi engaqukethe i-methylene chloride ikakhulukazi iqukethe i-ketone (pyrrolidone), i-ester (methyl benzoate) kanye ne-alcohol ether (ethylene glycol monobutyl ether), njll. I-ethylene glycol ether ilungele i-polymer resin. I-ethylene glycol ether inokuncibilika okunamandla ku-polymer resin, ukuvuleka okuhle, izinga lokubila eliphezulu, intengo ephansi, futhi iyi-surfactant enhle, ngakho-ke iyasebenza ocwaningweni lokuyisebenzisa njenge-solvent eyinhloko ukulungiselela i-paint stripper (noma i-ejenti yokuhlanza) ngomphumela omuhle nemisebenzi eminingi.

I-molecule ye-benzaldehyde incane, futhi ukungena kwayo ochungechungeni lwama-macromolecule kunamandla, futhi ukuncibilika kwayo ezintweni eziphilayo ezi-polar nakho kunamandla kakhulu, okuzokwenza ama-macromolecule akhuphuke ngobuningi futhi akhiqize ukucindezeleka. I-stripper yopende ephansi enobuthi kanye ne-volatility ephansi elungiselelwe nge-benzaldehyde njenge-solvent ingasusa ngempumelelo i-epoxy powder coating ebusweni be-substrate yensimbi ekushiseni kwegumbi, futhi ifanele futhi ukususa upende we-skinning wendiza. Ukusebenza kwale stripper yopende kufana nokwaba-stripper bopende bendabuko bamakhemikhali (uhlobo lwe-methylene chloride kanye nohlobo lwe-alkali eshisayo), kodwa ayiboli kakhulu kuma-substrate ensimbi.

I-Limonene iyinto enhle yabahlikihli bepende ngombono ovuselelekayo. Iyisinyibilikisi se-hydrocarbon esikhishwe eqabeni le-orange, ikhasi le-tangerine kanye nekhasi le-citron. Iyisinyibilikisi esihle kakhulu samafutha, i-wax kanye ne-resin. Inendawo ephezulu yokubila kanye nendawo yokushisa futhi iphephile ukuyisebenzisa. Izinyibilikisi ze-Ester zingasetshenziswa futhi njengezinto zokusetshenziswa ze-paint stripper. Izinyibilikisi ze-Ester zibonakala ngokuba nobuthi obuphansi, iphunga elimnandi kanye nokungancibiliki emanzini, futhi zisetshenziswa kakhulu njengezivikeli zezinto eziphilayo ezinamafutha. I-Methyl benzoate imele izinyibilikisi ze-ester, futhi izazi eziningi zinethemba lokuyisebenzisa ku-paint stripper.

2) I-solvent ehlangene

I-co-solvent ingandisa ukuncibilika kwe-methyl cellulose, ithuthukise i-viscosity kanye nokuqina komkhiqizo, futhi ibambisane nama-molecule ayisisekelo e-solvent ukuze angene efilimini yopende, anciphise ukunamathelana phakathi kwefilimu yopende kanye ne-substrate, ukuze kusheshiswe izinga lokukhumula upende. Kunganciphisa futhi umthamo we-solvent eyinhloko futhi kunciphise izindleko. Ama-alcohols, ama-ether kanye nama-ester avame ukusetshenziswa njenge-co-solvents.

3) Umgqugquzeli

I-Promoter iyinhlanganisela yezixazululo ze-nucleophilic, ikakhulukazi ama-organic acid, ama-phenol nama-amine, okuhlanganisa i-formic acid, i-acetic acid kanye ne-phenol. Isebenza ngokubhubhisa amaketanga e-macromolecular kanye nokusheshisa ukungena nokuvuvukala kwengubo. I-organic acid iqukethe iqembu elifanayo elisebenzayo njengokwakheka kwefilimu yopende - OH, ingasebenzisana nohlelo lokuxhumanisa lwe-oxygen, i-nitrogen kanye namanye ama-athomu e-polar, iphakamise uhlelo lwengxenye yamaphuzu okuxhumanisa ngokomzimba, ngaleyo ndlela ikhulise i-paint stripper esilinganisweni sokusabalalisa kwengubo ye-organic, ithuthukise ikhono lokuvuvukala kanye nokushwabana kwefilimu yopende. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, ama-organic acid angakhuthaza i-hydrolysis yesibopho se-ester, isibopho se-ether se-polymer futhi ayenze iphule isibopho, okuholela ekulahlekelweni kokuqina kanye ne-brittle substrates ngemva kokususwa kopende.

Amanzi ahlanjululwe yi-solvent ephezulu ye-dielectric (ε=80120 ku-20 ℃). Uma ubuso obuzosuswa buyi-polar, njenge-polyurethane, i-solvent ephezulu ye-dielectric eqhubekayo inomphumela omuhle ekuhlukaniseni ubuso be-electrostatic, ukuze ezinye izixazululo zingene ezimbotsheni eziphakathi kwengubo kanye ne-substrate.

I-hydrogen peroxide iyabola ezindaweni eziningi zensimbi, ikhiqize umoya-mpilo, i-hydrogen kanye nohlobo lwe-athomu lomoya-mpilo. I-oxygen ibangela ukuthi ungqimba oluvikelayo oluthambile lugoqeke, okuvumela umshini omusha wokupenda ukuthi ungene phakathi kwensimbi kanye nopende, ngaleyo ndlela kusheshiswe inqubo yokuvula. Ama-asidi nawo ayisici esibalulekile ekwakhiweni komshini wokupenda, futhi umsebenzi wawo ukugcina i-pH yomshini wokupenda ku-210-510 ukuze isabela namaqembu ama-amine amahhala ezimbozweni ezifana ne-polyurethane. I-asidi esetshenziswayo ingaba yi-solid acid encibilikayo, i-liquid acid, i-organic acid noma i-inorganic acid. Njengoba i-inorganic acid ingase ikhiqize ukugqwala kwensimbi, ngakho-ke kungcono ukusebenzisa ifomula ejwayelekile ye-RCOOH, isisindo sama-molecule esingaphansi kwama-organic acid ayi-1,000 ancibilikayo, njenge-formic acid, i-acetic acid, i-propionic acid, i-butyric acid, i-valeric acid, i-hydroxyacetic acid, i-hydroxybutyric acid, i-lactic acid, i-citric acid kanye namanye ama-hydroxy acid kanye nezingxube zawo.

4) Izinto eziqinisayo

Uma i-paint stripper isetshenziselwa izingxenye ezinkulu zesakhiwo ezidinga ukunamathela ebusweni ukuze zenze zisabele, kuyadingeka ukwengeza izithambisi ezifana nama-polymer ancibilika emanzini njenge-cellulose, i-polyethylene glycol, njll., noma usawoti ongaphili njenge-sodium chloride, i-potassium chloride, i-sodium sulfate, kanye ne-magnesium chloride. Kufanele kuqashelwe ukuthi izithambisi zosawoti ongaphili ezilungisa i-viscosity zizokwanda ngomthamo wazo, ngale kwalolu hlu, i-viscosity iyancishiswa esikhundleni salokho, futhi ukukhetha okungafanele kungaba nomthelela kwezinye izingxenye.

I-Polyvinyl alcohol iyi-polymer encibilikayo emanzini, enokuncibilika okuhle kwamanzi, ukwakha ifilimu, ukunamathela kanye ne-emulsification, kodwa zimbalwa kuphela izinto eziphilayo ezingayincibilikisa, izinto ze-polyol ezifana ne-glycerol, i-ethylene glycol kanye ne-polyethylene glycol enesisindo esiphansi sama-molecule, i-amide, usawoti we-triethanolamine, i-dimethyl sulfoxide, njll., ezinyibilikisini ezingenhla zezinto eziphilayo, kufanele futhi kuncibilikiswe inani elincane le-polyvinyl alcohol. Isixazululo samanzi se-Polyvinyl alcohol esine-benzyl alcohol kanye nengxube ye-formic acid yokuhambisana okungekuhle, ukubekelwa kalula, futhi ngesikhathi esifanayo ne-methyl cellulose, ukuncibilika kwe-hydroxyethyl cellulose kokuncibilika okungekuhle, kodwa kanye ne-carboxy methyl cellulose kungcono.

I-Polyacrylamide iyi-polymer encibilikayo emanzini eqondile, yona kanye nezinto eziphuma kuyo zingasetshenziswa njenge-flocculants, thickeners, enhancers paper kanye ne-retarders, njll. Njengoba uchungechunge lwama-molecule e-polyacrylamide luqukethe iqembu le-amide, lubonakala ngokuphilicity ephezulu, kodwa aluncibiliki ezixazululweni eziningi zezinto eziphilayo, njenge-methanol, i-ethanol, i-acetone, i-ether, ama-hydrocarbons e-aliphatic kanye nama-hydrocarbons aromatic. Isixazululo samanzi se-Methyl cellulose kuhlobo lwe-benzyl alcohol sizinzile kakhulu, futhi izinto ezihlukahlukene ezincibilikayo emanzini zinokuxubeka okuhle. Inani le-viscosity kuye ngezidingo zokwakha, kodwa umphumela wokujiya awulingani ngqo nenani, ngokwanda kwenani elingeziwe, isixazululo samanzi kancane kancane sinciphisa izinga lokushisa le-gelation. Uhlobo lwe-Benzaldehyde alukwazi ukwanda ngokungeza i-methyl cellulose ukuze kufezwe umphumela obalulekile we-viscosity.

5) Isivimbeli Sokugqwala

Ukuze kuvinjelwe ukugqwala kwe-substrate (ikakhulukazi i-magnesium ne-aluminium), kufanele kwengezwe inani elithile le-corrosion inhibitor. Ukugqwala kuyinkinga engenakunakwa enqubweni yokukhiqiza yangempela, futhi izinto eziphathwe nge-paint stripper kufanele zigezwe futhi zomiswe ngamanzi noma zigezwe nge-rosin kanye nephethiloli ngesikhathi esifanele ukuqinisekisa ukuthi insimbi nezinye izinto azigqwali.

6) Izithibi eziguquguqukayo

Ngokuvamile, izinto ezinomoya omuhle kulula ukuzenza zibe ziguquguqukayo, ngakho-ke ukuze kuvinjelwe ukuguquguquka kwama-molecule ayisisekelo e-solvent, inani elithile le-volatilization inhibitor kufanele lifakwe ku-paint stripper ukuze kuncishiswe ukuguquguquka kwama-molecule e-solvent enqubweni yokukhiqizwa, ukuthuthwa, ukugcinwa kanye nokusetshenziswa. Lapho i-paint stripper ene-paraffin wax isetshenziswa ebusweni bopende, kuzokwakhiwa ungqimba oluncane lwe-paraffin wax ebusweni, ukuze ama-molecule ayinhloko e-solvent abe nesikhathi esanele sokuhlala nokungena efilimini yopende ukuze asuswe, ngaleyo ndlela kuthuthukiswe umphumela wokususa upende. I-paraffin wax eqinile yodwa ivame ukubangela ukuhlakazeka okubi, kanti inani elincane le-paraffin wax lizohlala ebusweni ngemva kokususwa kopende, okuzothinta ukufuthwa kabusha. Uma kudingeka, engeza i-emulsifier ukuze unciphise ukucindezeleka kobuso ukuze i-paraffin wax kanye ne-liquid paraffin wax zihlakazeke kahle futhi ukuzinza kwayo kokugcina kuthuthukiswe.

7) I-Surfactant

Ukwengezwa kwama-surfactant, njenge-amphoteric surfactants (isb., imidazoline) noma i-ethoxynonylphenol, kungasiza ekuthuthukiseni ukuzinza kokugcina kwe-paint stripper futhi kube lula ukuhlanza upende ngamanzi. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, ukusetshenziswa kwama-molecule e-surfactant anezakhiwo ezimbili eziphikisanayo ze-lipophilic kanye ne-hydrophilic ze-surfactant, kungathinta umphumela wokuncibilika; ukusetshenziswa komphumela weqembu le-surfactant colloidal, ukuze ukuncibilika kwezingxenye eziningana ku-solvent kwande kakhulu. Ama-surfactant asetshenziswa kakhulu yi-propylene glycol, i-sodium polymethacrylate noma i-sodium xylenesulfonate.

Ukugoqa