Imboni yamakhemikhali amahle ihilela izinto ezintsha, izinto ezisebenzayo, izinto ezihlanganisa imithi nemithi, izinto ezihlanganisa imithi nemithi, izithasiselo zokudla, izithasiselo zeziphuzo, ukunambitheka nokunambitheka, imibala, izimonyo kanye nezimboni zamakhemikhali zansuku zonke, ezidlala indima ebaluleke kakhulu ekuthuthukiseni amazinga okuphila kwabantu kanye nekhwalithi. Yonke imboni inezici zayo. Ukuqonda nokuqonda izici zemboni yamakhemikhali amahle kuyisisekelo sentuthuko ephephile nenempilo yemboni, futhi kuyisihluthulelo samabhizinisi ukwenza ukuhlaziywa kwengozi nokulawula inqubo yamakhemikhali nokuthuthukisa ukuphepha okubalulekile kwamabhizinisi.

1、Izinto ezisetshenziswa enqubweni yokukhiqiza amakhemikhali amancane ziyingozi kakhulu. Iningi lalezi zinto lihlanganisa isigaba A, B, A, sinobuthi obukhulu, sinobuthi obukhulu, sigqwala kakhulu, simanzi, izinto ezivuthayo, futhi kunezingozi zomlilo, ukuqhuma, ubuthi nokunye. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kunezinqubo zokusebenza "ezingaphezu kwezine", okungukuthi, kunezinhlobo eziningi zezinto ezingena ku-reactor (ama-reactants, imikhiqizo, izixazululo, ama-extractants, njll.), izimo eziningi zesigaba (igesi, uketshezi, okuqinile), izikhathi eziningi zokuvula imishini, kanye nezikhathi eziningi zokuthatha amasampula okuvula imishini ngesikhathi sokukhiqiza.

2. Uhlelo lokulawula oluzenzakalelayo alusetshenziswa kahle futhi alukwazi ukufeza ukulawula okuzenzakalelayo ngokuphelele. Nakuba ibhizinisi libeke ama-interlocks ngokwezidingo zokulawula ukuphepha kwenqubo yamakhemikhali ayingozi ngaphansi kokuqashwa okubalulekile, kunezindlela eziningi zokondla ngesandla enqubweni yokusebenza, futhi umgodi wokondla udinga ukuvulwa lapho kondliwa. Isici sokuvala sibi, futhi izinto eziyingozi kulula ukuzishintsha ziphume eketheni. Ukukhetha ithuluzi lokulawula akunangqondo, umqhubi akafuni ukusebenzisa noma akakwazi ukulisebenzisa, uhlelo lokulawula oluzenzakalelayo alunamsebenzi; I-valve yokukhiya yohlelo lokupholisa lwe-reactor ngokuvamile isesimweni sokudlula, okuholela ochungechungeni oluhlangene lwamanzi abandayo, amanzi okupholisa kanye nomusi. Ukuntuleka kwamakhono ethuluzi, ukuntuleka kokuphathwa kwesistimu yokulawula okuzenzakalelayo, ukusetha okungenangqondo kwe-alamu kanye nenani lokukhiya, noma ukushintsha okungahleliwe kwenani le-alamu kanye nokukhiya, opharetha bayakunaka ukubaluleka kokulawula i-alamu kanye nokukhiya.

3. Imodi yokukhiqiza eyenzeka ngezikhathi ezithile iningi. Ikettle isetshenziswa ngezinjongo eziningi. Idivayisi kufanele iqedele imisebenzi eminingi yamayunithi, njengokusabela (izikhathi eziningi), ukukhipha, ukuwasha, ukuhlukanisa, ukulungisa njalo njalo. Kunezidingo eziqinile ngokulandelana kokusebenza kanye nobude bezinyathelo zokusebenza, kodwa kuvame ukuntuleka kokulawula okusebenzayo. Ukusebenza nokukhiqiza kufana nokupheka kwabapheki, konke okusekelwe kokuhlangenwe nakho. Ngemva kokusabela kwekettle eyodwa, yehlisa izinga lokushisa, ukhulule izinto, bese ulungisa kabusha ukusabela kokushisa. Iningi lokukhipha nokukhipha i-USES ukucindezela ibhande kanye nokusebenza ngesandla, okuzoholela ezingozini ngenxa yokusebenza kabi kwabantu kule nqubo. Enqubweni yokukhiqiza yokusabela kwamakhemikhali amancane, inani elikhulu loketshezi oluvuthayo oluphansi njenge-methanol ne-acetone luvame ukungezwa njengezinyibilikisi. Ukuba khona kwezinyibilikisi eziphilayo ezivuthayo kwandisa ingozi yenqubo yokusabela.

4. Inqubo ishintsha ngokushesha futhi izinyathelo zokusabela ziningi. Kukhona umkhuba wocwaningo nentuthuko, ukukhiqizwa, ukuthuthukiswa komkhiqizo kanye nokufakwa esikhundleni ngokushesha; Ezinye izinqubo eziyingozi zihlukaniswe ngezigaba eziningana zokusabela. Umgodi wokudla kufanele uvulwe ekuqaleni kokudla. Lapho ukusabela kufinyelela izinga elithile, umgodi wokudla kufanele uvalwe futhi.

5. Ngenxa yobumfihlo bobuchwepheshe, akukho ukuqeqeshwa okuncane ekusebenzeni kwenqubo. Kubangela inqubo yokusebenza ehlukahlukene, kwakha "idolobhana ngalinye linokunyakaza okuhle kwedolobhana ngalinye, umuntu ngamunye unekhono lomuntu ngamunye". Kunemiphumela eminingi emibi embonini yamakhemikhali emihle. Ngenxa yokuqeqeshwa okunganele kanye nokulawulwa kwemingcele yokusebenza okungazinzile, imfucuza eqinile kanye nezinqwaba zemfucuza yoketshezi zinkulu, okwenza indawo yokugcina imfucuza eyingozi ibe yindawo eyingozi edinga ukulawulwa nokulawulwa.

6、Imishini ivuselela ngokushesha. Ukugqwala kwemishini kuyingozi kakhulu ngenxa yemvelo yezinto ezisetshenziswayo; Izinga lokushisa lokusebenza kanye nengcindezi kushintsha kakhulu (kunezindlela ezintathu zokushintshanisa ukushisa, okungukuthi amanzi aqandisiwe, amanzi okupholisa kanye nomusi, ku-reactor. Ngokuvamile, inqubo yokukhiqiza ingashintsha kusuka ku--15 ℃ kuya ku-120 ℃. Ukucwiliswa okuncane (okucwiliswa) kuseduze ne-vacuum ephelele, futhi kungafinyelela ku-0.3MpaG ekuhlanganisweni), futhi izixhumanisi zokuphathwa nokugcinwa kwemishini zibuthakathaka, okuholela ekusebenzeni okukhethekile okwengeziwe.

7. Ukuhlelwa kwamabhizinisi amakhemikhali amahle kakhulu akunangqondo. Ukufakwa, ipulazi lamathangi kanye nendawo yokugcina impahla akuhlelwe ngokwesimiso "sokuhlela okuhlangene kanye nokuqaliswa kwesinyathelo ngesinyathelo" embonini yamakhemikhali. Ibhizinisi lamakhemikhali elihle kakhulu ngokwemakethe noma idivayisi yokwakha umkhiqizo noma imishini, kusetshenziswa ukuhlelwa kwesikhala esikhona efektri, ukudideka kwesakhiwo sefektri yebhizinisi, ukungacabangi ngokugcwele izidingo zokuvikelwa kwezempilo kanye nokuvikelwa kwemvelo, hhayi ngokwezici zendawo efektri, izici zobunjiniyela bokukhiqiza imikhiqizo yamakhemikhali kanye nomsebenzi wazo zonke izinhlobo zezakhiwo, ukwakheka okunengqondo, imbangela yokuhlukaniswa okusebenzayo okungenangqondo, inqubo engaphazanyiswa, ayilungele ukukhiqizwa, ayilungele ukuphathwa.

8. Izinhlelo zokusiza ukuphepha zivame ukuklanywa ngokungahleliwe. Ingozi yomlilo ngemva kokukhishwa kwezinto eziyingozi ezivuthayo neziqhumayo kulula ukuyibangela ukusabela kwamakhemikhali noma ukwakheka kwengxube eqhumayo ohlelweni olufanayo lokwelapha. Kodwa-ke, ibhizinisi alivami ukuhlola nokuhlaziya le ngozi.

9. Ukuhlelwa kwemishini ngaphakathi kwesakhiwo sefektri kuncane, futhi kunemishini eminingi yangaphandle ngaphandle kwesakhiwo sefektri. Izisebenzi eziseshabhu zihlangene, ngisho negumbi lokusebenza kanye nedeski lokuqopha kubekwe eshabhu. Uma kwenzeka ingozi, kulula ukubangela ukufa kwabantu abaningi kanye nezingozi zokulimala kwabantu abaningi. Izinqubo eziyingozi ezihilelekile ikakhulukazi i-sulfonation, i-chlorination, i-oxidation, i-hydrogenation, i-nitrification kanye nokusabela kwe-fluorination. Ikakhulukazi, izinqubo ze-chlorination, i-nitrification, i-oxidation kanye ne-hydrogenation zinezingozi ezinkulu. Uma zingasalawuleki, zizobangela ubuthi kanye nengozi yokuqhuma. Ngenxa yesidingo sesikhala, amabhizinisi awasunguli ipulazi lamathangi, kodwa asungula uhlelo lokwelapha ithangi eliphakathi nendawo kanye ne-exhaust ngaphandle kwesitshalo, okulula ukubangela umlilo wesibili noma ukuqhuma.

10. Ukujika kwabasebenzi kuyashesha futhi ikhwalithi iphansi. Amanye amabhizinisi awakunaki ukuvikelwa kwempilo yomsebenzi, indawo yokusebenza ayinhle, ukunyakaza okusebenzayo kwabasebenzi. Abasebenzi abaningi bebhizinisi “bayayeka igeja, baba ngabasebenzi,” ingasaphathwa eyesikole samabanga aphezulu noma ngaphezulu, ukuphothula esikoleni samabanga aphezulu sekuvele kuyivelakancane kakhulu. Eminyakeni yamuva nje, amanye amabhizinisi awakunaki ukuphepha nokuphathwa kokuvikelwa kwemvelo, okubangela izingozi ezivame ukwenzeka, abantu banomuzwa “wokudelelwa” wemboni yamakhemikhali amahle, ikakhulukazi imboni yamakhemikhali amahle yangasese, abaphothule ekolishi nasesikoleni samabanga aphezulu bezobuchwepheshe bayanqikaza ukungena kulo mkhakha, okuvimbela intuthuko yokuphepha yalo mkhakha.
Imboni yamakhemikhali amahle ihlobene kakhulu nokuphila kwabantu. Ngaphandle kwemboni yamakhemikhali amahle, impilo yethu izolahlekelwa umbala wayo. Kufanele sinake, sisekele futhi siqondise intuthuko ephephile nenempilo yemboni yamakhemikhali amahle.