Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi isitoreji samandla esizini noma isithembiso esikhulu sokungakhiphi ugesi, i-hydrogen ibilokhu ibonwa njengendlela yobuchwepheshe ebalulekile yokungathathi hlangothi kwe-carbon. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, i-hydrogen isivele iyimpahla ebalulekile embonini yamakhemikhali, okwamanje engumsebenzisi omkhulu we-hydrogen eJalimane. Ngo-2021, izitshalo zamakhemikhali zaseJalimane zasebenzisa amathani ayizigidi ezingu-1.1 e-hydrogen, okulingana namahora angu-37 e-terawatt wamandla kanye cishe izingxenye ezimbili kwezintathu ze-hydrogen esetshenziswa eJalimane.

Ngokusho kocwaningo olwenziwe yi-German Hydrogen Task Force, isidingo se-hydrogen embonini yamakhemikhali singakhuphuka sifinyelele ku-220 TWH ngaphambi kokuba kufezwe umgomo wokungathathi hlangothi kwekhabhoni ngo-2045. Ithimba locwaningo, elakhiwe ochwepheshe abavela kwi-Society for Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology (DECHEMA) kanye ne-National Academy of Science and Engineering (acatech), lanikezwa umsebenzi wokuklama imephu yokwakha umnotho we-hydrogen ukuze amabhizinisi, abaphathi, kanye nabezombusazwe bakwazi ukuqonda ndawonye amathuba esikhathi esizayo omnotho we-hydrogen kanye nezinyathelo ezidingekayo ukuze kudalwe wona. Lo msebenzi uthole uxhaso lwe-€4.25 million oluvela kwisabelomali soMnyango Wezemfundo Nocwaningo waseJalimane kanye noMnyango Wezomnotho kanye Nesenzo Sesimo Sezulu waseJalimane. Enye yezindawo ezimbozwe yiphrojekthi yimboni yamakhemikhali (ngaphandle kwezindawo zokuhluza), ekhipha cishe amathani ayi-112 e-carbon dioxide alingana ngonyaka. Lokho kubiza cishe amaphesenti ayi-15 egesi yonke eJalimane, yize lo mkhakha ubiza cishe amaphesenti ayi-7 kuphela okusetshenziswa kwamandla okuphelele.

Ukungafani okusobala phakathi kokusetshenziswa kwamandla kanye nokukhishwa kwegesi emkhakheni wamakhemikhali kungenxa yokusebenzisa kwemboni uphethiloli wezinto zasendulo njengezinto eziyisisekelo. Imboni yamakhemikhali ayisebenzisi nje kuphela amalahle, uwoyela, kanye negesi yemvelo njengemithombo yamandla, kodwa futhi ihlukanisa lezi zinsiza njengezinto zokudla zibe izakhi, ikakhulukazi ikhabhoni kanye ne-hydrogen, ukuze zihlanganiswe kabusha ukuze kukhiqizwe imikhiqizo yamakhemikhali. Lena yindlela imboni ekhiqiza ngayo izinto eziyisisekelo ezifana ne-ammonia kanye ne-methanol, ezibe sezicutshungulwa zibe amapulasitiki kanye nama-resin okwenziwa, umanyolo kanye nopende, imikhiqizo yokuhlanzeka komuntu siqu, abahlanzi kanye nemithi. Yonke le mikhiqizo iqukethe uphethiloli wezinto zasendulo, kanti eminye yenziwe ngisho nangamafutha asendulo kuphela, lapho ukushisa noma ukuqeda amagesi okushisa okushisa kubalelwa engxenyeni yokukhishwa kwegesi embonini, kanti enye ingxenye ivela enqubweni yokuguqulwa.

I-hydrogen eluhlaza iyisihluthulelo semboni yamakhemikhali esimeme

Ngakho-ke, noma ngabe amandla emboni yamakhemikhali avela ngokuphelele emithonjeni eqhubekayo, anganciphisa ukukhishwa kwegesi ngesigamu kuphela. Imboni yamakhemikhali inganciphisa ukukhishwa kwayo ngesigamu ngokushintshela kusuka ku-hydrogen yakudala (empunga) iye ku-hydrogen eqhubekayo (eluhlaza). Kuze kube manje, i-hydrogen ikhiqizwe cishe kuphela kusuka kumafutha akudala. IJalimane, ethola cishe u-5% we-hydrogen yayo emithonjeni evuselelekayo, ingumholi wamazwe ngamazwe. Ngo-2045/2050, isidingo se-hydrogen saseJalimane sizokhula ngokuphindwe kasithupha sibe ngaphezu kuka-220 TWH. Isidingo esiphezulu singaba phezulu ku-283 TWH, okulingana nokusetshenziswa kwamanje okuphindwe ka-7.5.