I-Diphenol akuyona i-aromatic hydrocarbon ngoba iqukethe ama-athomu e-oxygen futhi iyi-aromatic derivative.
I-Industrial 2-naphthol ihlungiwe njenge-naphthol njengezinto zokusetshenziswa, nge-sulfuric acid sulfonation engu-96-98% ye-2-naphthol sulfonic acid, bese kuba ne-sodium sulfite neutralization ukuze kukhiqizwe usawoti wayo we-sodium, bese kuba ne-sodium hydroxide alkali fusion ye-2-naphthol sodium, bese kuba ne-sulfuric acid acidification yemikhiqizo eluhlaza engu-2-naphthol, ngemva kokubilisa, ukugeza, ukomisa, nokukhipha i-distillation yemikhiqizo engu-2-naphthol.
Ukungcola kwale nqubo kubi kakhulu futhi inkinga yokuvikelwa kwemvelo ivame kakhulu.
Ukuthuthukiswa kwe-cyanamine yaseMelika ye-2-isopropylnaphthalene ehlanganisiwe ekukhiqizweni kwenqubo ye-acetone 2-naphthol, ngenxa yezindleko zokuvikelwa kwemvelo nezinye izizathu futhi kwamisa ukukhiqizwa.
Njengamanje, amazwe akhiqiza kakhulu i-2-naphthol emhlabeni yiShayina, iNdiya, iJapan, i-Italy kanye namanye amazwe aseMpumalanga Yurophu.
IShayina yaqala ukukhiqiza i-2-naphthol ngo-1957. Kusukela ngawo-1980, njengoba amazwe athuthukile ayeka ukukhiqiza ngokulandelana, iShayina ibe ngumhlinzeki oyinhloko we-2-naphthol.
Kusukela ngo-1990, imakethe ye-2-naphthol ibhekane nokwehla nokwenyuka okukhulu. Eminyakeni yamuva nje, umkhiqizo waminyaka yonke wamathani ayizinkulungwane eziyi-8-100 uye wagcinwa, kanti ukuthunyelwa kwamanye amazwe nakho kuye kwaqhubeka nokukhula okukhulu, ngokuthunyelwa kwamanye amazwe kwamathani ayi-8,227 ngo-2005, amathani ayi-15,924 ngo-2006, kanye namathani ayi-15,307 kusukela ngoJanuwari kuya ku-Okthoba 2007.
Ukusetshenziswa kwe-2-naphthol eShayina cishe kungama-60% wezinto ezisetshenziswayo zodayi, ama-20% ezinto ezingeziwe zerabha, ama-10% odayi nama-pigment, kanye nama-10% abanye.
Njengoba isidingo samadayi nama-pigment sikhula, nesidingo se-2-naphthol sizokhula.
Ukuthuthukisa inqubo yokukhiqiza, ukonga amandla nokunciphisa ukusetshenziswa, ukunciphisa imfucuza emithathu noma ukuthuthukisa inqubo entsha yokuhlanza sekuyindlela ebalulekile yentuthuko eqhubekayo nenempilo yemboni yokukhiqiza i-2-naphthol.
Okwesibili, ukusetshenziswa embonini yedayi kanye nombala
I-dye kanye ne-pigment intermediates yizindawo ezisetshenziswa kakhulu yi-2-naphthol eShayina. Isizathu esiyinhloko ukuthi ukukhiqizwa kwe-dye intermediates bekulokhu kudluliswa emhlabeni wonke. Isibonelo, ama-acid angu-2, 3, i-J acid, i-γ acid, i-R acid kanye ne-chromophenol AS konke kuyizinto ezibalulekile ezithunyelwa kwamanye amazwe eShayina, okubalwa ngaphezu kwengxenye yesamba somkhiqizo wasekhaya.
Ngaphezu kokuhlanganiswa kwe-dyestuff kanye ne-pigment intermediates, i-2-naphthol ingasetshenziswa njengengxenye ye-azo, kanye nama-diazo compounds ukukhiqiza i-dyestuff 1,2, 3 acid.
2, 3 igama lesayensi lokuqinisekisa i-asidi: i-2-hydroxy-3-naphthic acid, indlela yayo yokwenziwa [1]: ukusabela kwe-2-naphthol kanye ne-sodium hydroxide, ukuphelelwa amanzi emzimbeni okuncishisiwe, ukuthola i-2-naphthol sodium, bese kuba ukusabela ne-CO2 ukuthola i-2-naphthol kanye ne-2, 3 sodium salt, ukususa i-2-naphthol, ukufaka i-asidi, ukuthola i-2, 3 acid.
Njengamanje, izindlela eziyinhloko zokwenziwa kwe-solvent indlela yesigaba esiqinile kanye nendlela ye-solvent, kanti indlela ye-solvent iyindlela evamile yokuthuthuka.
Ama-pigment echibi anama-asidi angu-2,3 njengezingxenye zokuhlanganisa akhiwa ngokwenza izingxenye ze-diazo kuqala zibe usawoti we-diazo, ahlanganiswe nama-asidi angu-2,3, bese kusetshenziswa usawoti wensimbi ye-alkali kanye ne-alkali earth metal kungaguqulwa kube udayi wechibi onganyibiliki.
I-chromatogram eyinhloko yama-pigment echibi le-acid angu-2,3 ukukhanya okubomvu.
Isibonelo: I-CI Pigment Red 57:1, I-CI Pigment Red 48:1, njll.
Ama-asidi angu-2, 3 asetshenziswa kabanzi ekwakhiweni kochungechunge lwe-chromophenol lwamadayi adaywe yiqhwa. Ku-Dye Index ka-1992, ama-chromophenol angu-28 akhiqizwa ama-asidi angu-2, 3.
Uchungechunge lwe-coupling components lwe-azo pigment lusebenzisa u-Azo Pigment, izindlela zokwenziwa zalolu hlobo lopende zenziwa ngosawoti we-diazonium component kuqala, bese umbala we-phenol coupling AS uchungechunge lwezinto ezitholakalayo, njenge-Azo izingxenye ze-diazo ziqukethe kuphela indandatho ye-alkyl aromatic, i-halogen, i-nitrocellulose, amaqembu e-alkoxy, njenge-Azo umbala ojwayelekile ovela ekusabeleni kwe-Azo, uchungechunge lwedayi ye-Azo yezingxenye ezihlanganisiwe,
Isibonelo, indandatho enuka kamnandi yezingxenye ze-diazo iqukethe namaqembu e-sulfonic acid, kanye ne-chromophenol AS series derivatives, bese kuthi usawoti wezinsimbi zomhlaba ze-alkali kanye ne-alkali ungaguqulwa ube udayi wechibi onganyibiliki.
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