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Abaphakathi bawuhlobo olubaluleke kakhulu lwemikhiqizo emihle yamakhemikhali. Empeleni, abaphakathi bawuhlobo “lwemikhiqizo eseqediwe”, okuyimikhiqizo ephakathi ekukhiqizeni eminye imikhiqizo. Isibonelo, ukukhiqiza umkhiqizo, ungakhiqizwa kusuka kwabaphakathi ukuze kongiwe izindleko, futhi usetshenziswa kabanzi ekuhlanganiseni imithi, izibulala-zinambuzane, izambatho, odayi nezinongo.
Emkhakheni wezokwelapha, abaphakathi bayizixhumanisi ezibalulekile ochungechungeni lwezimboni zemboni yezemithi. Asetshenziselwa ezinye izinto zamakhemikhali zokusetshenziswa noma imikhiqizo yamakhemikhali enqubweni yokwenziwa kwemithi. Ngamafuphi, zisetshenziselwa ukukhiqizwa kwe-API.
Izibulala-zinambuzane ziyizinto eziphakathi ezihlanganisa izinto zokulima ezimbili noma ngaphezulu.
Namuhla, sizogxila ezintweni ezixhumanisa izibulala-zinambuzane.
Izibulala-zinambuzane zibhekisela entweni noma ingxube yezinto noma amalungiselelo azo asetshenziselwa ukuvimbela, ukuqeda noma ukulawula izifo, izinambuzane, utshani nezinye izinto eziyingozi eziyingozi kwezolimo namahlathi, kanye nokuhlanganiswa kwamakhemikhali noma ukulawula okunenhloso ukukhula kwezitshalo nezinambuzane, noma okutholakala ezintweni eziphilayo noma kwezinye izinto zemvelo.
Uma sikhuluma kabanzi, izibulala-zinambuzane zihlukaniswa zibe izibulala-zinambuzane ezivikela izitshalo kanye nezibulala-zinambuzane ezingavikeleki izitshalo. Izibulala-zinambuzane ezivikela izitshalo zihlukaniswe kakhulu zibe izibulala-khula, izibulala-zinambuzane, izibulala-sikhunta kanye nezilawuli zokukhula kwezitshalo ngokuya OKUSETSHENZISWA kwazo. Zisetshenziselwa ikakhulukazi ukuvikela ezolimo.
Izibulala-zinambuzane ezingavikeleki ezitshalweni ikakhulukazi zihlanganisa ama-rodenticides, izinto ezixosha izinambuzane kanye nezixosha omiyane bezempilo, njll. Zisetshenziswa kakhulu ekusetshenzisweni kwezidakamizwa ezindaweni zokuhlala, ezempilo yomphakathi, ukuphathwa kwamahlathi, ukulawula isikhutha ezimbonini, ukulawula izinambuzane, ukusetshenziswa kwezidakamizwa ngezikhathi ezithile, okokulondoloza izinkuni, ukuvikela utshani kanye ezinye izinkambu.
Imboni yezibulala-zinambuzane isekupheleni kochungechunge lwemboni yamakhemikhali futhi ingeyemboni yamakhemikhali amahle.
Ingxenye ephezulu yochungechunge lwemboni yezibulala-zinambuzane imboni ye-petroleum/yamakhemikhali, ehlinzeka ngezinto ezingavuthiwe embonini yezibulala-zinambuzane.
Imboni ye-midstream ikakhulukazi iqukethe izingxenye ezintathu: umuthi ophakathi, osebenzayo kanye nokulungiswa.
Ezansi kunezicelo zezolimo kanye nezicelo zangaphandle kwepulazi.
Imboni yezibulala-zinambuzane incike kakhulu kubuchwepheshe, ngokutshalwa kwezimali okukhulu kwe-r&d, umjikelezo omude, ubungozi obukhulu kanye nezinga lempumelelo eliphansi.
Ngaphansi kokungqubuzana phakathi kokukhula kwenani labantu emhlabeni wonke kanye nokuncipha kwendawo etshaliwe, ukusetshenziswa okubanzi kwezibulala-zinambuzane ukukhulisa isivuno endaweni ngayinye kuyindlela ebalulekile yokuxazulula inkinga yokudla.
Izibulala-zinambuzane ziyizindlela ezibalulekile zokukhiqiza ekukhiqizeni kwezolimo. Badlala indima ebalulekile ekulawuleni izifo, izinambuzane kanye nokhula, ukuzinzisa kanye nokwandisa isivuno sezitshalo.
Nakuba kuthonywa izici ezihlukahlukene ezifana nenani lomkhiqizo wezolimo, indawo yokutshala, isimo sezulu kanye nempahla, ukuthengiswa kwezibulala-zinambuzane kubonisa ukuguquguquka ngezikhathi ezithile onyakeni ngamunye, isidingo sisaqinile uma kuqhathaniswa.
Ngokusho kweNational Bureau of Statistics, umphumela kazwelonke wezibulala-zinambuzane zamakhemikhali ubulokhu wehla kusukela ngo-2017.
Ngo-2017, umphumela wezibulala-zinambuzane zamakhemikhali wawungamathani ayizigidi ezingu-2.941, kwathi ngo-2018, wehla wafinyelela kumathani ayizigidi ezingu-2.083. Ngo-2019, ukukhiqizwa kwezibulala-zinambuzane zamakhemikhali kuyeka ukwehla futhi kwakhuphukela kumathani ayizigidi ezi-2.2539, okuwukunyuka ngo-1.4% unyaka nonyaka.
Eminyakeni yamuva nje, imali engenayo yokuthengisa embonini yezibulala-zinambuzane eChina ibilokhu ikhula iyonke.
Ngo-2018, ngenxa yokuthuthukiswa kwezibulala-zinambuzane zemvelo kanye nokukhuphuka kwamanani entengo yomkhiqizo, kanye nesidingo esandayo sezibulala-zinambuzane ezitshalweni zemali ezifana nokotini nengqalasizinda, imali yokuthengisa embonini yafinyelela cishe kuma-yuan ayizigidi eziyizinkulungwane ezingama-329.
Kulinganiselwa ukuthi usayizi wemakethe ongaba khona wezolimo zaseChina kusalindeleke ukuthi ukhuphuke ngo-2020.
Izibulala-zinambuzane ezehlukene zidinga iziphakathi ezihlukene enqubweni yokukhiqiza.
Ukucubungula impahla eluhlaza yezolimo kukhiqiza umkhiqizo, futhi kuwuhlobo olulodwa kuthanda izinhlobo ezimbili noma ezimbili ze-over material union medium.
Kumithi yokubulala izinambuzane ingaqondwa njenge-synergist, eyaziwa nangokuthi i-organic intermediate.
Umkhiqizo omaphakathi okhomba ukusebenzisa itiyela lamalahle noma umkhiqizo we-petroleum ukuze ube impahla eluhlaza ukuze kuhlanganiswe iphunga, udayi, inhlaka, imithi, ipulasitiki, i-accelerator yerabha ukulinda umkhiqizo wamakhemikhali ekuqaleni, umkhiqizo ophakathi okhiqizayo.
Ukuhlanganiswa kwama-intermediates ngokuvamile kwenziwa kureactor, futhi okuphakathi okukhiqiziwe kuyahlukaniswa futhi kuhlanzwe, ngokuvamile ngobuchwepheshe bokukhipha.
Izibulala-zinambuzane kanye nokukhipha i-chloroform kuwumsebenzi weyunithi yamakhemikhali, inqubo yokusebenza yendabuko ngokuvamile ithatha ikholomu yokuhluza, lolu hlobo lwenqubo yokusebenza luyinkimbinkimbi, ukusebenza kahle kokukhipha okuphansi, ukusetshenziswa kwamandla kukhulu, ngakho-ke ngokujula kokuhlukana komphakathi kwabasebenzi kanye inqubekelaphambili yobuchwepheshe bokukhiqiza, amabhizinisi amaningi aqala ukuthuthukiswa kwezobuchwepheshe, futhi akhethe inqubo esebenza ngempumelelo.
Ukukhishwa kwe-solvent sekuphenduke iyunithi yokusebenza eyinhloko yengxenye yokukhipha embonini yamakhemikhali.
Indlela yokukhipha i-solvent iwukukhetha i-ejenti yokukhipha efanele, hlanganisa uketshezi lwempahla eluhlaza ne-ejenti yokukhipha, ukudlulisa isigaba sezinto eziphilayo oketshezini lwempahla eluhlaza ku-ejenti yokukhipha, futhi isigaba sezinto eziphilayo sikhishwa ngemva kokuhlukaniswa kwezigaba ezimbili.
Le ndlela inezinzuzo zokusebenza okulula, ukusebenza kahle okuphezulu kokukhipha, izindleko eziphansi kanye nokutholakala kalula kwama-extractants, nama-extractants agaywa kabusha, angasindisa ngempumelelo izindleko zokufaka eziphelele.
Q: Ingabe uyimboni noma inkampani yokuhweba?
A: Yebo, singabakhiqizi abahamba phambili ngemikhiqizo eyinqwaba, futhi sikhiqiza imikhiqizo yokuhlanganiswa ngelebhu yethu kanye nefekthri etholakala eXuzhou, esifundazweni saseJiangsu.
Q: Unesikhathi esingakanani uhweba ngaphandle?
A: Iminyaka eyi-10 igxile kumakhemikhali e-organic, amakhemikhali angaphili, amakhemikhali e-dyestuff.
Q: Sinini isikhathi sakho sokulethwa?
A: Ngokuvamile sizohlela ukuthunyelwa ezinsukwini ezingu-7 -15.
Q: Kuthiwani ngokupakisha?
A: Ngokuvamile sinikeza ukupakisha njengoba 25 kg / isikhwama noma ibhokisi. Yebo, uma unezidingo ezikhethekile kuzo, sizokwenza ngokusho kwakho.
Q: Kuthiwani ngokuba semthethweni kwemikhiqizo?
IMPENDULO: Siyaqinisekisa ukuthi izimpahla zino-100% wempilo yeshelufu uma ilethwa.
Q: Yimaphi amadokhumenti owanikezayo?
A: Ngokuvamile, sihlinzeka nge-invoyisi Yezohwebo, Uhlu Lokupakisha, Umthethosivivinywa Wokulayisha, i-COA, Isitifiketi Sezempilo kanye nesitifiketi Somsuka. Uma izimakethe zakho zinezidingo ezikhethekile, sazise.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Oct-22-2020