Isimiso Sokuhlubula

Ukukhumula kuwukusetshenziswa kwesenzo samakhemikhali ukucekela phansi udayi kufiber futhi ukwenze ulahlekelwe umbala wawo.
Kunezinhlobo ezimbili eziyinhloko zama-ejenti wokuhlubula amakhemikhali. Enye i-reductive stripping agents, efinyelela injongo yokufiphala noma yokukhipha umbala ngokucekela phansi isistimu yombala esakhiweni samangqamuzana odayi. Isibonelo, odayi abanesakhiwo se-azo baneqembu le-azo. Ingase yehliswe ibe yiqembu lama-amino futhi ilahlekelwe umbala wayo. Kodwa-ke, umonakalo we-ejenti yokunciphisa ohlelweni lombala wodayi abathile uyabuyiselwa emuva, ngakho-ke ukufiphala kungabuyiselwa, njengohlelo lombala lwesakhiwo se-anthraquinone. I-sodium sulfonate kanye nempushana emhlophe kuvame ukusetshenziswa ama-reductive peeling agents. Enye i-oxidative stripping agents, phakathi kwayo evame ukusetshenziswa kakhulu i-hydrogen peroxide ne-sodium hypochlorite. Ngaphansi kwezimo ezithile, ama-oxidants angabangela ukulimala emaqenjini athile akha uhlelo lombala wamangqamuzana odayi, njengokubola kwamaqembu e-azo, i-oxidation yamaqembu e-amino, i-methylation yamaqembu e-hydroxy, nokuhlukaniswa kwama-ion ensimbi ayinkimbinkimbi. Lezi zinguquko zesakhiwo ezingenakuhlehliswa ziholela ekufipheleni noma ekushintsheni kombala kadayi, ngakho-ke ngokombono, i-ejenti yokukhumula i-oxidative ingasetshenziselwa ukwelashwa okuphelele kokuhlubula. Le ndlela iphumelela kakhulu kumadayi anesakhiwo se-anthraquinone.

Ukukhumula udayi okuvamile

2.1 Ukuhlubula odayi abasebenzayo

Noma yimuphi udayi osebenzayo oqukethe izingxube zensimbi kufanele uqale ubiliswe kusixazululo se-metal polyvalent chelating agent (2 g/L EDTA). Bese ugeza kahle ngamanzi ngaphambi kokunciphisa i-alkaline noma ukwelashwa kokukhipha i-oxidation. Ukukhumula okuphelele kuvame ukuphathwa ngokushisa okuphezulu imizuzu engama-30 ku-alkali ne-sodium hydroxide. Ngemuva kokubuyiselwa kwe-peeling, geza kahle. Bese kubanda i-bleached ku-sodium hypochlorite solution. Isibonelo senqubo:
Izibonelo zenqubo yokukhumula eqhubekayo:
Indwangu yokudaya → isixazululo sokunciphisa amaphedi (i-caustic soda 20 g/l, i-soluene 30 g/l) → 703 ukunciphisa isitimu esishisayo (100℃) → ukuwasha → ukomiswa

Isibonelo senqubo yokudaya i-vat:

Indwangu enombala → ireli→2 amanzi ashisayo→2 caustic soda (20g/l)→8 umbala oxebukayo (sodium sulfide 15g/l, 60℃) 4 amanzi ashisayo→2 umqulu wamanzi abandayo→inqubo evamile yezinga le-sodium hypochlorite bleaching (NaClO 2.5 g/l, estakiwe imizuzu engama-45).

2.2 Ukuhlubula odayi besulfure

Izindwangu ezidaywe ngesulfure zivame ukulungiswa ngokuthi ziphathwe ngesisombululo esingenalutho se-ejenti yokunciphisa (6 g/L yamandla agcwele sodium sulfide) ngezinga lokushisa eliphakeme kakhulu elikhona ukuze kuzuzwe ukuxebuka ingxenye yendwangu edayiwe ngaphambi kokudaya kabusha. umbala. Ezimweni ezimbi kakhulu, i-sodium hypochlorite noma i-sodium hypochlorite kufanele isetshenziswe.
Isibonelo senqubo
Isibonelo sombala okhanyayo:
Engubeni → ukucwiliswa kakhulu nokugoqeka (i-sodium hypochlorite 5-6 amagremu amalitha, 50 ℃) → 703 isitimu (imizuzu emi-2) → ukuwasha amanzi agcwele → ukomiswa.

Isibonelo esimnyama:
Umbala wendwangu engaphelele → i-oxalic acid eginqikayo (15 g/l ku-40°C) → ukomisa → i-sodium hypochlorite egoqayo (6 g/l, 30°C imizuzwana engu-15) → ukuwasha nokuwomisa ngokugcwele

Izibonelo zezinqubo zeqoqo:
I-55% ye-crystalline sodium sulfide: 5-10 g / l; i-soda ash: 2-5 g/l (noma 36°BéNaOH 2-5 ml/l);
Izinga lokushisa 80-100, isikhathi 15-30, ukugeza isilinganiso 1:30-40.

2.3 Ukuhlubula odayi be-asidi

Bilisa imizuzu engama-30 ukuya kwengama-45 ngamanzi e-ammonia (2O ukuya ku-30 ​​g/L) kanye ne-anionic wetting agent (1 kuya ku-2 g/L). Ngaphambi kokwelashwa kwe-ammonia, sebenzisa i-sodium sulfonate (10 kuya ku-20 g/L) ku-70°C ukusiza ukuqeda ukuxebuka. Ekugcineni, indlela yokukhumula i-oxidation nayo ingasetshenziswa.
Ngaphansi kwezimo ezine-acidic, ukungeza i-surfactant ekhethekile nakho kungaba nomphumela omuhle wokuxebuka. Kukhona nalabo abasebenzisa izimo ze-alkaline ukuxebula umbala.

Isibonelo senqubo:
Izibonelo zenqubo yangempela yokucwecwa kukasilika:

Ukuncishiswa, ukuhlubula nokufakwa mhlophe (i-soda ash 1g/L, ukufakwa okuyisicaba kwe-O 2g/L, impushana yesibabule 2-3g/L, izinga lokushisa elingu-60℃, isikhathi esingu-30-45min, isilinganiso sokugeza 1:30) → ukwelashwa kwangaphambili kwemidiya (insimbi sulfate heptahydrate) 10g/L, 50% hypophosphorous acid 2g/L, formic acid lungisa pH 3-3.5, 80°C for 60min)→geza (80°C geza imizuzu engu-20)→ukuhlubula i-oxidation kanye nokuhlanza (35% i-hydrogen peroxide 10mL /L, pentacrystalline sodium silicate 3-5g/L, izinga lokushisa 70-8O℃, isikhathi 45-90min, pH value 8-10)→hlanzekile

Isibonelo senqubo yokuhlubula uvolo:

Nifanidine AN: 4; I-Oxalic acid: 2%; Phakamisa izinga lokushisa ukuze ubilise kungakapheli imizuzu engama-30 bese uyigcina endaweni ebilayo imizuzu engama-20-30; bese uyihlanza.

Isibonelo senqubo yokukhumula inayiloni:

36°BéNaOH: 1%-3%; flat plus O: 15% -20%; okokuhlanza okokwenziwa: 5% -8%; isilinganiso sokugeza: 1:25-1:30; izinga lokushisa: 98-100 ° C; isikhathi: 20-30min (kuze kube zonke decolorization).

Ngemuva kokuthi wonke umbala usuhlutshiwe, izinga lokushisa liyehla kancane kancane, futhi ligezwe kahle ngamanzi, bese i-alkali esele kwinayiloni isuswe ngokuphelele ngo-0.5mL/L i-acetic acid ku-30 ​​° C imizuzu engu-10, bese iyawashwa. ngamanzi.

2.4 Ukukhumula odayi be-vat

Ngokuvamile, ohlelweni oluxubile lwe-sodium hydroxide ne-sodium hydroxide, udayi wendwangu uyancishiswa futhi ngezinga lokushisa eliphakeme kakhulu. Kwesinye isikhathi kuyadingeka ukwengeza isixazululo se-polyvinylpyrrolidine, njenge-BASF's Albigen A.

Izibonelo zenqubo yokukhumula eqhubekayo:

Indwangu yokudaya → isixazululo sokunciphisa amaphedi (i-caustic soda 20 g/l, i-soluene 30 g/l) → 703 ukunciphisa isitimu esishisayo (100℃) → ukuwasha → ukomiswa

Isibonelo senqubo yokucwecwa ngezikhathi ezithile:

I-Pingping plus O: 2-4g/L; 36°BéNaOH: 12-15ml/L; I-sodium hydroxide: 5-6g / L;

Ngesikhathi sokwelashwa kokuhlubula, izinga lokushisa lingu-70-80 ℃, isikhathi singamaminithi angu-30-60, futhi isilinganiso sokugeza singu-1:30-40.

2.5 Ukuhlubula odayi abahlakazayo

Izindlela ezilandelayo zivame ukusetshenziselwa ukuhlubula odayi abahlakazayo ku-polyester:

Indlela yoku-1: I-Sodium formaldehyde sulfoxylate kanye ne-carrier, iphathwa ku-100 ° C ne-pH4-5; umphumela wokwelapha ubaluleke kakhulu ku-130°C.

Indlela yesi-2: I-sodium chlorite ne-formic acid icutshungulwa ku-100°C kanye ne-pH 3.5.

Umphumela omuhle kakhulu ukwelashwa kokuqala okulandelwa ukwelashwa kwesibili. Ngangokunokwenzeka phezu kodayi omnyama ngemva kokwelashwa.

2.6 Ukukhumula odayi be-cationic

Ukukhumula odayi abahlakazayo ku-polyester kuvame ukusebenzisa izindlela ezilandelayo:

Ebhavini eliqukethe u-5 ml/litre monoethanolamine kanye no-5 g/litre sodium chloride, phatha endaweni ebilayo ihora elingu-1. Bese uyihlanza, bese wenza i-bleach ebhavini eliqukethe u-5 ml/L we-sodium hypochlorite (i-chlorine engu-150 g/L etholakalayo), 5 g/L i-nitrate ye-sodium (i-corrosion inhibitor), bese ulungisa i-pH ibe ngu-4 kuya ku-4.5 nge-acidic acid. Imizuzu engama-30. Ekugcineni, indwangu iphathwa nge-sodium chloride sulfite (3 g/L) ku-60°C imizuzu engu-15, noma i-1-1.5 g/L ye-sodium hydroxide ku-85°C imizuzu engu-20 kuya kwengama-30. Futhi ekugcineni uyihlanze.

Ukusebenzisa okokugeza (0.5 kuya ku-1 g/L) nesixazululo esibilayo se-acetic acid ukwelapha indwangu edayiwe nge-pH 4 amahora angu-1-2 nakho kungazuza umphumela wokuxebuka kancane.
Isibonelo senqubo:
Sicela ubhekisele kusibonelo se-5.1 acrylic knitted sokucubungula umbala wendwangu.

2.7 Ukuhlubula amadayi e-azo angancibiliki

5 kuya ku-10 ml/litre ka-38°Bé caustic soda, 1 kuya ku-2 ml/litre we-dispersant ekwazi ukumelana nokushisa, kanye no-3 kuya ku-5 g/litre we-sodium hydroxide, kanye no-0.5 kuya ku-1 g/litre wempushana ye-anthraquinone. Uma kune-sodium hydroxide eyanele ne-caustic soda, i-anthraquinone izokwenza uketshezi olukhumulayo lubebomvu. Uma iphenduka ibe phuzi noma ibe nsundu, kufanele kwengezwe i-caustic soda noma i-sodium hydroxide. Indwangu ehlutshiwe kufanele igezwe kahle.

2.8 Ukucwecwa upende

Kunzima ukuxebula upende, ngokuvamile sebenzisa i-potanganum permanganate ukuxebuka.

Isibonelo senqubo:

Ukudaya indwangu engasebenzi kahle → ukugoqa i-potassium permanganate (18 g/l) → ukugeza ngamanzi → i-oxalic acid egoqayo (20 g/l, 40°C) → ukugeza ngamanzi → ukomisa.

Ukukhumula ama-ejenti wokuqeda asetshenziswa kakhulu

3.1 Ukukhumula i-ejenti yokulungisa

I-ejenti yokulungisa u-Y ingasuswa ngenani elincane le-soda ash bese wengeza u-O; i-polyamine cationic fixing agent ingasuswa ngokubilisa nge-acetic acid.

3.2 Ukususwa kwamafutha abicah kanye nesithambisa

Ngokuvamile, izinto ezithambisayo zingasuswa ngokugeza nge-detergent, futhi ngezinye izikhathi i-soda ash kanye ne-detergent isetshenziswa; ezinye izinto ezithambisayo kufanele zisuswe nge-formic acid ne-surfactant. Indlela yokususa nezimo zenqubo zingaphansi kokuhlolwa kwesampula.

Amafutha e-Silicone anzima kakhulu ukususa, kodwa nge-surfactant ekhethekile, ngaphansi kwezimo eziqinile ze-alkaline, ukubilisa kungasetshenziswa ukususa iningi lamafutha abicah. Yebo, lezi zingaphansi kokuhlolwa okuyisampula.

3.3 Ukususwa kwe-ejenti yokuqeda inhlaka

I-ejenti yokuqedela i-resin ngokuvamile isuswa ngendlela yokushiswa kwe-asidi nokugeza. Inqubo evamile yilena: isixazululo se-asidi yokunamathisela (i-hydrochloric acid ukuhlangana kuka-1.6 g/l) → ukupakisha (85 ℃ 10 amaminithi) → ukugeza ngamanzi ashisayo → ukugeza ngamanzi abandayo → ukomisa okomile. Ngale nqubo, i-resin esendwangu ingasuswa emshinini oqhubekayo wokukhuhla ithrekhi nomshini wokuxubha.

Isimiso sokulungiswa komthunzi nobuchwepheshe

4.1 Isimiso kanye nobuchwepheshe bokulungisa ukukhanya kombala
Lapho umthunzi wendwangu edayiwe ungahlangabezani nezidingo, udinga ukulungiswa. Isimiso sokulungiswa kwe-shading isimiso sombala osele. Okubizwa ngokuthi umbala osele, okungukuthi, imibala emibili inezici zokususa okuhlangene. Amapheya embala asele yilena: obomvu nokuluhlaza, osawolintshi noluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, nophuzi nonsomi. Isibonelo, uma ukukhanya okubomvu kusinda kakhulu, ungangeza inani elincane lopende oluhlaza ukuze unciphise. Nokho, umbala osele usetshenziswa kuphela ukulungisa ukukhanya kombala ngenani elincane. Uma inani likhulu kakhulu, lizothinta ukujula kombala nokugqama, futhi umthamo ojwayelekile ungama-lg/L.

Ngokuvamile, izindwangu ezidayiwe ezisebenzayo zinzima kakhulu ukulungisa, futhi izindwangu ezidayiwe ze-vat kulula ukuzilungisa; lapho odayi besulfure belungiswa, umthunzi unzima ukulawula, ngokuvamile usebenzisa ama-vat dyes ukuze wengeze futhi ukhiphe imibala; odayi abaqondile bangasetshenziselwa ukulungisa okungeziwe, kodwa inani kufanele libe Ngaphansi kuka-1 g/L.

Izindlela ezivame ukusetshenziswa zokulungiswa komthunzi zihlanganisa ukugeza ngamanzi (okulungele ukudaya izindwangu eziqediwe ezinemithunzi emnyama, imibala entantayo kakhulu, nokulungisa izindwangu ezinokugeza okungagculisi nokushesha kwensipho), ukukhumula ukukhanya (bheka inqubo yokukhumula udayi, izimo Ilula kune- inqubo evamile yokuhlubula), i-padding alkali steaming (isebenza komadayi abazwela i-alkali, iningi labo elisetshenziselwa odayi abasebenzayo; njengendwangu yokudaya ehambisana nombala ye-KNB emnyama esebenzayo njengokukhanya okuluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, ungakwazi ukugingqa inani elifanele le-caustic soda , Ilekelelwa ukushisisa kanye nokugeza okuyisicaba ukuze kufezwe inhloso yokukhanyisa ukukhanya okuluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka), i-ejenti emhlophe yephedi (isebenza ekukhanyeni okubomvu kwezindwangu eziqediwe ezidayiwe, ikakhulukazi ezindwangu eziqediwe ezidaywe ngodayi be-vat, umbala uba mkhulu uma umbala uphakathi noma ulula. Okusebenzayo Ngokufiphala kombala okuvamile, ukuphinda kufakwe i-bleaching kungacatshangelwa, kodwa i-hydrogen peroxide bleaching kufanele ibe yindlela eyinhloko yokugwema izinguquko zombala ezingadingekile.
4.2 Isibonelo senqubo yokulungisa umthunzi: indlela ekhiphayo yokudaya okusebenzayo

4.2.1 Ethangini lokuqala lokuwasha elinesicaba elinamagridi amahlanu lomshini wokunciphisa insipho, engeza iflethi eliyi-1 g/L eliyisicaba bese wengeza u-O ukuze ubilise, bese uwawasha okuyisicaba, ngokuvamile angashoni ngo-15%.

4.2.2 Emathangeni amahlanu okuwasha ayisicaba okuqala omshini wensipho wokunciphisa, engeza i-lg/L flat kanye ne-flat O, 1mL/L i-glacial acetic acid, bese weqa umshini ekamelweni lokushisa ukuze wenze ukukhanya okuwolintshi kube lula ngo-10%.

4.2.3 Ukupakisha okungu-0.6mL/L wamanzi okuhlanza ethangini lokugoqa lomshini wokunciphisa, kanye nebhokisi elishisayo ekamelweni lokushisa, izingxenye ezimbili zokuqala zethangi lokuwasha aziwakhiphi amanzi, izingxenye ezimbili zokugcina ziwashwa ngamanzi abandayo. , igumbi elilodwa elinamanzi ashisayo, bese kuba nensipho. Ukugxiliswa kwamanzi amhlophe kuhlukile, futhi ukujula kokucwecwa nakho kuhlukile, futhi umbala wokucwecwa kwe-bleaching uyancipha kancane.

4.2.4 Sebenzisa u-10L ka-27.5% we-hydrogen peroxide, u-3L we-hydrogen peroxide stabilizer, u-2L ka-36°Bé caustic soda, u-1L ka-209 okokuhlanza ukuya ku-500L wamanzi, uwafuthe emshinini wokunciphisa, bese ufaka u-O ukuze ubilise, insipho kanye pheka. I-Shallow 15%.

4.2.5 Sebenzisa u-5-10g/L wesoda yokubhaka, isitimu ukuze ukhumule umbala, ugeze futhi ubilise ngensipho, kungaba lula ngo-10-20%, futhi umbala uzoba bluish ngemva kokukhumula.

4.2.6 Sebenzisa u-10g/L caustic soda, ukukhumula isitimu, ukuwasha nensipho, kungaba lula ngo-20% -30%, nokukhanya kombala kumnyama kancane.

4.2.7 Sebenzisa i-sodium perborate 20g/L isitimu ukuze ukhumule umbala, ongaba lula ngo-10-15%.

4.2.8 Sebenzisa u-27.5% we-hydrogen peroxide 1-5L emshinini wokudaya we-jig, sebenzisa amaphasi angu-2 ku-70℃, isampula, futhi ulawule ukugxila kwe-hydrogen peroxide kanye nenani lamaphasi ngokuya ngokujula kombala. Isibonelo, uma okuluhlaza okumnyama kudlula amaphasi angu-2, kungase kube nokujula njengohafu kuya kuhhafu. Cishe i-10%, umthunzi ushintsha kancane.

4.2.9 Faka u-250mL wamanzi a-bleaching ku-250L wamanzi emshinini wokudaya we-jig, hamba imizila emi-2 ekamelweni lokushisa, futhi angakhumulwa angashoni njengo-10-15%.

I-4.2.1O ingangezwa emshinini wokudaya we-jig, engeza u-O kanye nokucwecwa komlotha wesoda.

Izibonelo zenqubo yokulungisa iphutha lokudaya

5.1 Izibonelo zokucubungula umbala wendwangu ye-acrylic

5.1.1 Izimbali ezinombala okhanyayo

5.1.1.1 Ukugeleza kwenqubo:

Indwangu, i-surfactant 1227, i-acetic acid → imizuzu engu-30 ukuya ku-100°C, ukugcinwa kokushisa imizuzu engu-30 → 60°C ukugeza ngamanzi ashisayo → ukugeza ngamanzi abandayo → ukufudumala kufika ku-60°C, ukufaka odayi ne-acetic acid ukuze kugcinwe imizuzu engu-10 → ukufudumala kancane kancane kufike ku-98°C, kugcine kufudumele imizuzu engu-40 → kancane kancane Pholisa kuze kufike ku-60°C ukukhiqiza indwangu.

5.1.1.2 Ifomula yokuhlubula:

I-Surfactant 1227: 2%; i-acetic acid 2.5%; isilinganiso sokugeza 1:10

5.1.1.3 Ifomula yokubala yokudaya:

Amadayi e-Cationic (aguqulelwe kufomula yenqubo yokuqala) 2O%; i-acetic acid 3%; isilinganiso sokugeza 1:20

5.1.2 Izimbali ezinombala omnyama

5.1.2.1 Umzila wenqubo:

Indwangu, i-sodium hypochlorite, i-acetic acid → ukushisa kufika ku-100°C, imizuzu engu-30 → ukuwasha amanzi okupholisa → i-sodium bisulfite → 60°C, imizuzu engu-20 → ukugeza ngamanzi afudumele → ukugeza ngamanzi abandayo → 60°C, faka udayi ne-acetic acid → phakamisa kancane kancane ufike ku-100°C, hlala ufudumele imizuzu engu-4O →Yehlisa kancane izinga lokushisa libe ngu-60°C endwangu.

5.1.2.2 Ifomula yokuhlubula:

I-sodium hypochlorite: 2O%; i-acetic acid 10%;

Isilinganiso sokugeza 1:20

5.1.2.3 Ifomula ye-chlorine:

I-sodium bisulfite 15%

Isilinganiso sokugeza 1:20

5.1.2.4 Ifomula yokudaya

Odayi be-Cationic (abaguqulelwe kufomula yenqubo yokuqala) 120%

I-acetic acid 3%

Isilinganiso sokugeza 1:20

5.2 Isibonelo sokwelashwa kokudaya kwendwangu enayiloni

5.2.1 Izimbali ezinemibala emincane

Uma umehluko wokujula kombala ungama-20% -30% wokujula kokudaya ngokwakho, ngokuvamile u-5% -10% wezinga kanye no-O ungasetshenziswa, isilinganiso sokugeza siyafana nokudaya, futhi izinga lokushisa liphakathi kuka-80 ℃ kanye no-85 ℃. Uma ukujula kufinyelela cishe ku-20% wokujula kokudaya, khulisa kancane izinga lokushisa libe ngu-100°C futhi uligcine lifudumele kuze kube yilapho udayi usumuncwe yifayibha ngangokunokwenzeka.

5.2.2 Imbali enombala omaphakathi

Kumathunzi aphakathi nendawo, izindlela zokususa ingxenye zingasetshenziswa ukwengeza udayi ekujuleni kwasekuqaleni.

I-Na2CO3 5%-10%

Engeza u-O 1O%-l5% ngokuphelele

Isilinganiso sokugeza 1:20-1:25

Izinga lokushisa 98℃-100℃

Isikhathi 90 min-120min

Ngemva kokuncipha kombala, indwangu igezwa ngamanzi ashisayo kuqala, bese igezwa ngamanzi abandayo, futhi ekugcineni idayiwe.

5.2.3 Ukushintshashintsha kombala okubi kakhulu

Inqubo:

36°BéNaOH: 1%-3%

I-Flat plus O: 15% ～20%

Iziwashi zokwenziwa: 5% -8%

Isilinganiso sokugeza 1:25-1:30

Izinga lokushisa 98℃-100℃

Isikhathi 20min-30min (kuze kube yilapho yonke i-decolorization)
Ngemuva kokuthi wonke umbala usuhlutshiwe, izinga lokushisa liyancishiswa kancane kancane, bese lihlanjululwa kahle ngo-0.5 mL we-acetic acid ku-30 ​​° C imizuzu engu-10 ukuze unciphise ngokuphelele i-alkali esele, bese ihlanjululwa ngamanzi ukuze idaye kabusha. Eminye imibala akufanele idayiwe ngemibala eyinhloko ngemva kokuba isihlutshiwe. Ngoba umbala wesisekelo sendwangu uba phuzi ngokukhanyayo ngemva kokuba usuhlutshiwe. Kulokhu, umbala kufanele ushintshwe. Isibonelo: Ngemva kokuba umbala wekamela ukhunyulwe ngokuphelele, umbala wangemuva uzoba phuzi ngokukhanyayo. Uma umbala wekamela uphinde udaywe, umthunzi uzoba mpunga. Uma usebenzisa i-Pura Red 10B, yilungise ngenani elincane eliphuzi ngokukhanyayo futhi uyishintshe ibe umbala wesancinza ukuze ugcine umthunzi ukhanya.

isithombe

5.3 Isibonelo sokwelashwa kokudaya kwendwangu ye-polyester

5.3.1 Izimbali ezinemibala emincane,

I-ejenti yokulungisa ama-strip noma i-ejenti yokushisa ephezulu engu-1-2 g/L, shisa kabusha uye ku-135°C imizuzu engu-30. Udayi owengeziwe ungu-10% -20% womthamo wokuqala, futhi inani le-pH lingu-5, elingasusa umbala wendwangu, ibala, umehluko womthunzi nokujula kombala, futhi umphumela ngokuyisisekelo uyafana nowendwangu evamile yokukhiqiza. iwashi.

5.3.2 Amabala anzima

I-sodium chlorite 2-5 g/L, i-acetic acid 2-3 g/L, i-methyl naphthalene 1-2 g/L;

Qala ukwelashwa ku-30 ​​° C, ukushisa ku-2 ° C / min kuya ku-100 ° C imizuzu engu-60, bese ugeza indwangu ngamanzi.

5.4 Izibonelo zokwelashwa kokulimala okubi kakhulu ekudayeni kwendwangu kakotini ngodayi abasebenzayo

Ukugeleza kwenqubo: ukuhlubula → i-oxidation → ukuphikisa ukudaya

5.4.1 Ukucwecwa umbala

5.4.1.1 Inqubo kadokotela:

Impushana yomshwalense 5 g／L-6 g／L

I-Ping Ping ene-O 2 g／L-4 g／L

38°Bé caustic soda 12 mL／L-15 mL／L

Izinga lokushisa 60℃-70℃

Isilinganiso sokugeza l: lO

Isikhathi 30min

5.4.1.2 Indlela yokusebenza nezinyathelo

Engeza amanzi ngokwesilinganiso sokugeza, engeza i-flat O esikaliniwe kakade, i-caustic soda, i-sodium hydroxide, nendwangu emshinini, vula isitimu bese ukhuphula izinga lokushisa libe ngu-70 ° C, bese ususa umbala imizuzu engu-30. Ngemva kokucwecwa, khipha uketshezi olusele, ugeze kabili ngamanzi ahlanzekile, bese ukhipha uketshezi.

5.4.2 I-oxidation

5.4.2.1 Inqubo kadokotela

3O%H2O2 3 mL／L

38°Bé caustic soda l mL／L

I-Stabilizer 0.2mL/L

Izinga lokushisa ngu-95℃

Isilinganiso sokugeza 1:10

Isikhathi 60 min

5.4.2.2 Indlela yokusebenza nezinyathelo

Faka amanzi ngokwesilinganiso sokugeza, engeza ama-stabilizers, i-caustic soda, i-hydrogen peroxide nezinye izithasiselo, vula isitimu bese ukhuphula izinga lokushisa libe ngu-95°C, ligcine imizuzu engu-60, bese wehlisa izinga lokushisa libe ku-75°C, khipha amanzi. uketshezi bese wengeza amanzi, engeza i-0.2 soda, ugeze imizuzu engu-20, ukhiphe uketshezi; sebenzisa Geza emanzini ashisayo ku-80 ° C imizuzu engu-20; geza ngamanzi ashisayo ku-60 ° C imizuzu engu-20, futhi ugeze ngamanzi abandayo abandayo kuze kube yilapho indwangu ipholile ngokuphelele.

5.4.3 Ukuphikisa

5.4.3.1 Inqubo kadokotela

Odayi abasebenzayo: 30% x% wokusetshenziswa kwenqubo yoqobo

I-Yuanming powder: 50% Y% yenqubo yokuqala yokusetshenziswa

Umlotha wesoda: 50% z% wenqubo yokuqala yokusetshenziswa

Isilinganiso sokugeza l: lO

Izinga lokushisa ngokwenqubo yokuqala

5.4.3.2 Indlela yokusebenza nezinyathelo
Landela indlela evamile yokudaya nezinyathelo.

Isethulo esifushane senqubo yokuhlubula imibala yendwangu ehlanganisiwe

Odayi be-Disperse kanye ne-asidi bangacwecwa ingxenye yendwangu ehlanganisiwe ye-diacetate/uvolo eno-3 kuya ku-5% i-alkylamine polyoxyethylene ku-80 kuya ku-85°C kanye ne-pH 5 kuya ku-6 imizuzu engama-30 ukuya kwangu-60. Lokhu kwelashwa kungase futhi kususe odayi abahlakazayo engxenyeni ye-acetate ku-diacetate/nylon kanye ne-diacetate/polyacrylonitrile fiber blends. Ukuhlubula kancane odayi abahlakazayo ku-polyester/polyacrylonitrile noma i-polyester/uboya kudinga ukubiliswa ngesithwali isikhathi esingafika emahoreni angu-2. Ukwengeza u-5 kuya ku-10 amagremu/ilitha yesihlanzi esingeyona i-ionic kanye ne-1 kuya ku-2 amagremu/ilitha yempushana emhlophe ngokuvamile kungathuthukisa ukucwecwa kwemicu ye-polyester/polyacrylonitrile.

1 g/L okokuhlanza i-anionic; 3 g/L i-cationic dye retardant; kanye nokwelashwa kwe-sodium sulfate engu-4 g/L endaweni ebilayo kanye ne-pH 10 imizuzu engama-45. Ingahlubula kancane odayi be-alkaline ne-asidi endwangu ehlanganisiwe ye-polyester enayiloni/alkaline.

1% okokuhlanza okungeyona ionic; 2% i-cationic dye retardant; kanye no-10% kuya ku-15% wokwelashwa kwe-sodium sulfate endaweni ebilayo kanye ne-pH 5 imizuzu engama-90 kuya kwangu-120. Ivamise ukusetshenziselwa ukuhlubula i-wool/polyacrylonitrile fiber.

Sebenzisa amagremu angu-2 kuya ku-5 / ilitha ye-caustic soda, kanye nama-2 kuya ku-5 amagremu / ilitha ye-sodium hydroxide, ukuhlanza ukunciphisa ku-80 kuya ku-85 ° C, noma isisombululo se-alkaline esilinganiselwe sempushana emhlophe ku-120 ° C, engatholakala ku-polyester / i-cellulose Odayi abaningi abaqondile nabasebenzayo bayasuswa kule nhlanganisela.

Sebenzisa u-3% kuya ku-5% impushana emhlophe kanye nesihlanzi se-anionic ukwelapha imizuzu engu-4O-6O ku-80℃ kanye ne-pH4. Odayi abasabalalisa kanye ne-asidi bangasuswa ku-diacetate/polypropylene fibre, diacetate/wool, diacetate/nylon, inayiloni/polyurethane, kanye ne-asidi enayiloni edayikayo ntambo.

Sebenzisa i-sodium chlorite engu-1-2 g/L, ubilise ihora elingu-1 ku-pH 3.5, ukuze ukhumule odayi abahlakazayo, abaqinile, abaqondile noma abasebenzayo bendwangu ehlanganisiwe ye-cellulose/polyacrylonitrile fiber. Lapho ukhumula i-triacetate/i-polyacrylonitrile, i-polyester/i-polyacrylonitrile, nezindwangu ezihlanganisiwe ze-polyester/cellulose, isithwali esifanelekile nesihlanzi esingewona i-ionic kufanele kwengezwe.

Ukucatshangelwa kokukhiqiza

7.1 Indwangu kufanele ihlolwe isampula ngaphambi kokucwecwa noma ukulungisa umthunzi.
7.2 Ukugeza (amanzi abandayo noma ashisayo) kufanele kuqiniswe ngemva kokuba indwangu isihlutshiwe.
7.3 Ukukhumula kufanele kube ngokwesikhashana futhi kufanele kuphindwe uma kunesidingo.
7.4 Lapho ukhumula, izimo zokushisa nezithasiselo kufanele zilawulwe ngokuqinile ngokuya ngezakhiwo zikadayi ngokwawo, njengokumelana ne-oxidation, ukumelana ne-alkali, nokumelana ne-chlorine bleaching. Ukuvimbela isamba esiningi sezithasiselo noma ukulawula izinga lokushisa okungafanele, okuholela ekuxebukeni ngokweqile noma ekuxebukeni. Uma kunesidingo, inqubo kufanele inqunywe yi-stakeout.
7.5 Uma indwangu ixetshulwa kancane, kuzokwenzeka lezi zimo ezilandelayo:
7.5.1 Ukuze ukwelashwa kombala wokujula kwedayi, umthunzi wedayi ngeke ushintshe kakhulu, kuphela ukujula kombala kuzoshintsha. Uma izimo zokuhlubula umbala zisebenza kahle, zingahlangabezana ngokugcwele nezidingo zesampula yombala;
7.5.2 Uma indwangu edaywe ngamadayi amabili noma ngaphezulu asebenza okufanayo ihlubulwa ingxenye, ukushintsha komthunzi kuncane. Ngenxa yokuthi udayi ukhishwa kuphela ngezinga elifanayo, indwangu ehlutshiwe izovela kuphela Izinguquko ekujuleni.
7.5.3 Ukwelashwa kwezindwangu zokudaya ezinodayi abahlukene ekujuleni kombala, ngokuvamile kudingekile ukuhlubula odayi bese udaywa kabusha.