Isimiso Sokukhumula

Ukuhlubula ukusetshenziswa kwesenzo samakhemikhali ukubhubhisa udayi ku-fiber nokwenza ukuthi ilahlekelwe umbala wayo.
Kunezinhlobo ezimbili eziyinhloko zama-chemical stripping agents. Enye ama-reductive stripping agents, afinyelela inhloso yokufiphala noma ukuguquka kombala ngokubhubhisa uhlelo lombala esakhiweni sama-molecule edayi. Isibonelo, amadayi anesakhiwo se-azo aneqembu le-azo. Angancishiswa abe yiqembu lama-amino futhi alahlekelwe umbala wawo. Kodwa-ke, umonakalo we-reducing agent ohlelweni lombala lwamadayi athile uyabuyiselwa, ngakho-ke ukufiphala kungabuyiselwa, njengohlelo lombala lwesakhiwo se-anthraquinone. I-Sodium sulfonate kanye ne-white powder kuvame ukusetshenziswa ama-reductive peeling agents. Enye ama-oxidative stripping agents, phakathi kwawo asetshenziswa kakhulu yi-hydrogen peroxide kanye ne-sodium hypochlorite. Ngaphansi kwezimo ezithile, ama-oxidants angabangela umonakalo emaqenjini athile akha uhlelo lombala wama-molecule edayi, njengokubola kwamaqembu e-azo, ukubola kwamaqembu ama-amino, i-methylation yamaqembu e-hydroxy, kanye nokuhlukaniswa kwama-ion ensimbi ayinkimbinkimbi. Lezi zinguquko zesakhiwo ezingenakuguqulwa ziholela ekufiphaleni noma ekususweni kombala wedayi, ngakho-ke ngokombono, i-oxidative stripping agent ingasetshenziswa ekwelashweni okuphelele kokufiphala. Le ndlela isebenza kahle kakhulu kumadayi anesakhiwo se-anthraquinone.

Ukususa udayi okuvamile

2.1 Ukukhumula amadayi asebenzayo

Noma yimuphi udayi ophendulayo oqukethe izinsimbi zensimbi kufanele uqale ubiliswe kusisombululo se-metal polyvalent chelating agent (2 g/L EDTA). Bese ugeza kahle ngamanzi ngaphambi kokwelashwa kokunciphisa i-alkaline noma ukuqeda i-oxidation. Ukususa okuphelele kuvame ukuphathwa ekushiseni okuphezulu imizuzu engama-30 ku-alkali kanye ne-sodium hydroxide. Ngemva kokuba ukuxebuka sekubuyiselwe, geza kahle. Bese kubanda kufakwe i-bleach kusisombululo se-sodium hypochlorite. Isibonelo senqubo:
Izibonelo zenqubo yokukhumula eqhubekayo:
Indwangu yokudaya → isisombululo sokunciphisa ama-padding (i-caustic soda 20 g/l, i-soluene 30 g/l) → 703 ukunciphisa i-steamer steamer steamer (100℃) → ukuwasha → ukomisa

Isibonelo senqubo yokudaya i-vat yokukhuhla:

Indwangu enombala ongalungile→ i-reel→ amanzi ashisayo ama-2→2 i-caustic soda (20g/l)→8 umbala wokuxebuka (i-sodium sulfide 15g/l, 60℃) 4 amanzi ashisayo→2 ukuskrola kwamanzi abandayo→Inqubo yokumhlopheza ejwayelekile yezinga le-sodium hypochlorite (NaClO 2.5 g/l, ebekwe ndawonye imizuzu engama-45).

2.2 Ukukhumula udayi wesulfure

Izindwangu ezidaywe ngodayi wesibabule zivame ukulungiswa ngokuziphatha ngesisombululo esingenalutho se-reducing agent (6 g/L i-sodium sulfide enamandla aphelele) ekushiseni okuphezulu kakhulu ukuze kufezwe ukuxebuka okuyingxenye kwendwangu edaywe ngaphambi kokudaywa kabusha. Ezimweni ezimbi kakhulu, i-sodium hypochlorite noma i-sodium hypochlorite kumele kusetshenziswe.
Isibonelo senqubo
Isibonelo sombala okhanyayo:
Endwangu → ukucwilisa nokugoqa okwengeziwe (i-sodium hypochlorite amalitha angu-5-6, 50 ℃) → 703 i-steamer (imizuzu emi-2) → ukugeza ngamanzi agcwele → ukomisa.

Isibonelo esimnyama:
Indwangu engaphelele enombala → i-oxalic acid egoqayo (15 g/l ku-40°C) → ukomisa → i-sodium hypochlorite egoqayo (6 g/l, 30°C imizuzwana eyi-15) → ukugeza nokusula ngokuphelele

Izibonelo zezinqubo ze-batch:
I-sodium sulfide engama-55% ekristali: 5-10 g/l; umlotha wesoda: 2-5 g/l (noma 36°BéNaOH 2-5 ml/l);
Izinga lokushisa 80-100, isikhathi 15-30, isilinganiso sokugeza 1:30-40.

2.3 Ukukhumula udayi we-asidi

Bilisa imizuzu engama-30 kuya kwengama-45 ngamanzi e-ammonia (2O kuya ku-30 ​​g/L) kanye ne-anionic wetting agent (1 kuya ku-2 g/L). Ngaphambi kokwelashwa nge-ammonia, sebenzisa i-sodium sulfonate (10 kuya ku-20 g/L) ku-70°C ukusiza ekuqedeni ukuxebuka. Okokugcina, indlela yokususa i-oxidation ingasetshenziswa futhi.
Ngaphansi kwezimo ze-acidic, ukufaka i-surfactant ekhethekile nakho kungaba nomphumela omuhle wokuxebuka. Kukhona nalabo abasebenzisa izimo ze-alkaline ukususa umbala.

Isibonelo senqubo:
Izibonelo zenqubo yangempela yokukhuhla usilika:

Ukunciphisa, ukususa kanye nokususa i-bleach (i-soda ash 1g/L, ukwengeza okuyisicaba kwe-O2g/L, i-sulphur powder 2-3g/L, izinga lokushisa 60℃, isikhathi 30-45min, isilinganiso sokugeza 1:30) → ukwelashwa kwangaphambi kwesikhathi (i-ferrous sulfate heptahydrate) 10g/L, 50% hypophosphorus acid 2g/L, i-formic acid adjust pH 3-3.5, 80°C imizuzu engama-60)→hlanza (80°C geza imizuzu engama-20)→ukususa i-oxidation kanye nokususa i-bleach (35% hydrogen peroxide 10mL/L, i-pentacrystalline sodium silicate 3-5g/L, izinga lokushisa 70-8O2℃, isikhathi 45-90min, inani le-pH 8-10)→hlanza

Isibonelo senqubo yokukhumula uboya:

I-Nifanidine AN: 4; I-Oxalic acid: 2%; Phakamisa izinga lokushisa lize libile zingakapheli imizuzu engama-30 bese uligcina endaweni yokubila imizuzu engama-20-30; bese ulihlanza.

Isibonelo senqubo yokukhumula inayiloni:

36°BéNaOH: 1%-3%; flat plus O: 15%-20%; insipho yokwenziwa: 5%-8%; isilinganiso sokugeza: 1:25-1:30; izinga lokushisa: 98-100°C; isikhathi: 20-30min (kuze kube yilapho yonke imibala ishintsha).

Ngemva kokuba wonke umbala usususiwe, izinga lokushisa liyancishiswa kancane kancane, bese ligezwa kahle ngamanzi, bese kuthi i-alkali esele enayiloni isuswe ngokuphelele nge-acetic acid engu-0.5mL/L ku-30°C imizuzu eyi-10, bese igezwa ngamanzi.

2.4 Ukukhumula udayi we-vat

Ngokuvamile, ohlelweni oluxubile lwe-sodium hydroxide kanye ne-sodium hydroxide, udayi wendwangu uyancishiswa futhi ekushiseni okuphezulu. Ngezinye izikhathi kuyadingeka ukwengeza isisombululo se-polyvinylpyrrolidine, njenge-BASF's Albigen A.

Izibonelo zenqubo yokukhumula eqhubekayo:

Indwangu yokudaya → isisombululo sokunciphisa ama-padding (i-caustic soda 20 g/l, i-soluene 30 g/l) → 703 ukunciphisa i-steamer steamer steamer (100℃) → ukuwasha → ukomisa

Isibonelo senqubo yokuhluba ngezikhathi ezithile:

I-Pingping plus O: 2-4g/L; 36°BéNaOH: 12-15ml/L; I-Sodium hydroxide: 5-6g/L;

Ngesikhathi sokwelashwa kokukhumula, izinga lokushisa lingu-70-80℃, isikhathi singamaminithi angu-30-60, kanti isilinganiso sokugeza singama-1:30-40.

2.5 Ukukhumula amadayi ahlakazekile

Izindlela ezilandelayo zivame ukusetshenziselwa ukususa amadayi ahlakazekile ku-polyester:

Indlela 1: I-Sodium formaldehyde sulfoxylate kanye nomthwali, iphathwe ku-100°C kanye ne-pH4-5; umphumela wokwelashwa ubaluleke kakhulu ku-130°C.

Indlela 2: I-Sodium chlorite kanye ne-formic acid kucutshungulwa ku-100°C kanye ne-pH 3.5.

Umphumela omuhle kakhulu ukwelashwa kokuqala kulandelwe ukwelashwa kwesibili. Ngokunokwenzeka daya umnyama ngokweqile ngemva kokwelashwa.

2.6 Ukukhumula udayi we-cationic

Ukususa amadayi ahlakazekile ku-polyester kuvame ukusebenzisa izindlela ezilandelayo:

Ebhavini eliqukethe i-5 ml/litre monoethanolamine kanye ne-5 g/litre sodium chloride, phakela lapho kubila khona ihora eli-1. Bese uyihlanza, bese uyihlikihla ebhavini eliqukethe i-5 ml/L sodium hypochlorite (i-150 g/L etholakalayo i-chlorine), i-5 g/L sodium nitrate (inhibitor yokugqwala), bese ulungisa i-pH ibe ngu-4 kuya ku-4.5 nge-acidic acid. Imizuzu engama-30. Ekugcineni, indwangu iphathwa nge-sodium chloride sulfite (3 g/L) ku-60°C imizuzu eyi-15, noma i-1-1.5 g/L ye-sodium hydroxide ku-85°C imizuzu engama-20 kuya kwengama-30. Bese uyihlanza ekugcineni.

Ukusebenzisa insipho (0.5 kuya ku-1 g/L) kanye nesisombululo esibilisayo se-acetic acid ukwelapha indwangu edaywe ngedayi ku-pH 4 amahora angu-1-2 nakho kungafeza umphumela wokuxebuka okuyingxenye.
Isibonelo senqubo:
Sicela ubheke isibonelo sokucubungula umbala wendwangu ehlanganisiwe ye-acrylic engu-5.1.

2.7 Ukukhumula amadayi e-azo angancibiliki

5 kuya ku-10 ml/ilitha ye-38°Bé caustic soda, 1 kuya ku-2 ml/ilitha ye-dispersant ehlala isikhathi eside, kanye no-3 kuya ku-5 g/ilitha ye-sodium hydroxide, kanye no-0.5 kuya ku-1 g/ilitha ye-anthraquinone powder. Uma kune-sodium hydroxide eyanele kanye ne-caustic soda, i-anthraquinone izokwenza uketshezi olususayo lube bomvu. Uma luphenduka luphuzi noma lube nsundu, i-caustic soda noma i-sodium hydroxide kumele ifakwe. Indwangu ehlutshiwe kufanele igezwe kahle.

2.8 Ukuhlubuka kopende

Upende kunzima ukuwukhipha, ngokuvamile kusetshenziswa i-potassium permanganate ukuwususa.

Isibonelo senqubo:

Indwangu engasebenzi kahle yokudaya → i-potassium permanganate egoqayo (18 g/l) → ukugeza ngamanzi → i-oxalic acid egoqayo (20 g/l, 40°C) → ukugeza ngamanzi → ukomisa.

Ukukhumula izinto zokuqeda ezisetshenziswa njalo

3.1 Ukukhumula i-ejenti yokulungisa

I-ejenti yokulungisa u-Y ingasuswa ngenani elincane le-soda ash bese kufakwa i-O; i-ejenti yokulungisa i-polyamine cationic ingasuswa ngokubilisa nge-acetic acid.

3.2 Ukususwa kwamafutha e-silicone kanye nesithambisi

Ngokuvamile, izithambisi zingasuswa ngokugeza ngensipho, futhi ngezinye izikhathi kusetshenziswa umlotha wesoda kanye nensipho; ezinye izithambisi kumele zisuswe nge-formic acid kanye ne-surfactant. Indlela yokususa kanye nezimo zenqubo kuncike ekuhlolweni kwesampula.

Uwoyela we-silicone kunzima kakhulu ukuwususa, kodwa nge-surfactant ekhethekile, ngaphansi kwezimo ezinamandla ze-alkaline, ukubilisa kungasetshenziswa ukususa iningi lamafutha e-silicone. Yiqiniso, lokhu kungaphansi kokuhlolwa kwesampula.

3.3 Ukususwa kwe-resin finishing agent

I-resin finishing agent ngokuvamile isuswa ngendlela yokufutha nokuwasha nge-asidi. Inqubo evamile yile: isixazululo se-asidi yokubopha (ukuhlushwa kwe-hydrochloric acid okungu-1.6 g/l) → ukuhlanganisa (85 ℃ imizuzu eyi-10) → ukugeza ngamanzi ashisayo → ukugeza ngamanzi abandayo → ukomisa okomile. Ngale nqubo, i-resin esendwangu ingasuswa emshinini wokuhlikihla oqhubekayo we-flat track kanye ne-bleaching.

Isimiso sokulungisa isithunzi kanye nobuchwepheshe

4.1 Isimiso kanye nobuchwepheshe bokulungisa ukukhanya kombala
Uma umthunzi wendwangu edaywe ungahlangabezani nezidingo, udinga ukulungiswa. Umgomo wokulungisa umthunzi umgomo wombala osele. Umbala obizwa ngokuthi osele, okungukuthi, imibala emibili inezici zokususa okuhambisanayo. Imibala esele yile: obomvu noluhlaza okotshani, owolintshi noluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, nophuzi nonsomi. Isibonelo, uma ukukhanya okubomvu kunzima kakhulu, ungangeza inani elincane lopende oluhlaza ukuze unciphise. Kodwa-ke, umbala osele usetshenziswa kuphela ukulungisa ukukhanya kombala ngenani elincane. Uma inani likhulu kakhulu, kuzothinta ukujula kombala kanye nokugqama, futhi umthamo ojwayelekile ungaba yi-lg/L.

Ngokuvamile, izindwangu ezidaywe ngodayi ophendulayo kunzima ukuzilungisa, kanti izindwangu ezidaywe ngodayi odayiwe ngodayi we-vat kulula ukuzilungisa; lapho kulungiswa udayi we-sulfur, umthunzi kunzima ukuwulawula, ngokuvamile kusetshenziswa udayi we-vat ukwengeza nokususa imibala; udayi oqondile ungasetshenziswa ukulungisa okungeziwe, kodwa inani kufanele libe ngaphansi kuka-1 g/L.

Izindlela ezivame ukusetshenziswa zokulungisa umthunzi zifaka phakathi ukuwasha ngamanzi (okufanelekela ukudaya izindwangu eziqediwe ngemibala emnyama, imibala entantayo kakhulu, kanye nokulungisa izindwangu ngokuwasha okungagculisi nokushesha kwensipho), ukukhumula okulula (bheka inqubo yokukhumula udayi, izimo. Ilula kunenqubo evamile yokukhumula), ukufutha i-alkali (okusebenza kumadayi azwela i-alkali, iningi lawo elisetshenziselwa amadayi asabelayo; njengendwangu yokudaya emnyama esabelayo ye-KNB efana nokukhanya okuluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, ungagoqa inani elifanele le-caustic soda, eyongezwa ngokufutha kanye nokuwasha okuyisicaba ukuze kufezwe injongo yokukhanyisa ukukhanya okuluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka), i-ejenti yokumhlophela amaphedi (okusebenza ekukhanyeni okubomvu kwezindwangu eziqediwe ezidaywe, ikakhulukazi ezindwangu eziqediwe ezidaywe ngamadayi e-vat, umbala uba ngaphezulu uma umbala uphakathi noma ulula. Ukuze umbala uphele, ukukhumula kabusha kungacatshangwa, kodwa ukukhumula i-hydrogen peroxide kufanele kube yindlela eyinhloko yokugwema izinguquko zombala ezingadingekile.), ukugqama kombala, njll.
4.2 Isibonelo senqubo yokulungisa umthunzi: indlela yokususa yokudaya udayi ophendulayo

4.2.1 Ethangini lokuqala lokuwasha elinegridi ezinhlanu lomshini wokuhlikihla insipho, engeza u-1 g/L we-flat flat bese ufaka u-O ukuze ubilise, bese ugeza nge-flat flat, ngokuvamile u-15% ongajulile.

4.2.2 Emathangini okuqala amahlanu okuwasha ayisicaba omshini wokunciphisa insipho, engeza i-lg/L flat kanye ne-flat O, i-1mL/L glacial acetic acid, bese ugcwalisa umshini ngokushisa kwegumbi ukuze wenze ukukhanya okuwolintshi kube lula cishe ngo-10%.

4.2.3 Ukufaka amanzi okumhlophe angu-0.6mL/L ethangini eligoqekayo lomshini wokunciphisa, kanye nebhokisi lokufutha ekushiseni kwegumbi, izingxenye ezimbili zokuqala zethangi lokuwasha azikhiphi amanzi, izingxenye ezimbili zokugcina zigezwa ngamanzi abandayo, ingxenye eyodwa ngamanzi ashisayo, bese zifakwa insipho. Ukugxila kwamanzi okumhlophe kuhlukile, kanti ukujula kokumhlophe nakho kuhlukile, kanti nombala wokumhlophe wokumhlophe awucacile.

4.2.4 Sebenzisa u-10L we-hydrogen peroxide engu-27.5%, u-3L we-hydrogen peroxide stabilizer, u-2L we-36°Bé caustic soda, u-1L wensipho engu-209 emanzini angu-500L, uwushise emshinini wokunciphisa, bese ufaka u-O ekubiliseni, ensipho bese upheka. Akujulile u-15%.

4.2.5 Sebenzisa i-baking soda engu-5-10g/L, upheke ngesitimu ukuze ukhiphe umbala, ugeze bese ubilisa ngensipho, kungaba lula ngo-10-20%, futhi umbala uzoba luhlaza okwesibhakabhaka ngemva kokukhumula.

4.2.6 Sebenzisa i-caustic soda engu-10g/L, ukususa umusi, ukuwasha kanye nokufaka insipho, kungaba lula ngo-20%-30%, futhi umbala umnyama kancane.

4.2.7 Sebenzisa i-sodium perborate engu-20g/L umusi ukuze ukhiphe umbala, ongaba lula ngo-10-15%.

4.2.8 Sebenzisa i-hydrogen peroxide engu-27.5% engu-1-5L emshinini wokudaya i-jig, sebenzisa ama-pass amabili ku-70℃, sampula, bese ulawula ukuhlushwa kwe-hydrogen peroxide kanye nenani lama-pass ngokuya ngokujula kombala. Isibonelo, uma okuluhlaza okotshani kudlula ama-pass amabili, kungaba mfushane njengesigamu kuya kwesigamu. Cishe u-10%, umthunzi awushintshi kangako.

4.2.9 Faka amanzi angu-250mL okumhlopheza ku-250L wamanzi emshinini wokudaya i-jig, hamba imizila emibili ekushiseni kwegumbi, bese ingasuswa ingajulile njenge-10-15%.

4.2.1O ingafakwa emshinini wokudaya we-jig, engeza i-O kanye ne-soda ash peeling.

Izibonelo zenqubo yokulungisa amaphutha okudaya

5.1 Izibonelo zokucubungula umbala wendwangu ye-acrylic

5.1.1 Izimbali ezinombala okhanyayo

5.1.1.1 Ukugeleza kwenqubo:

Indwangu, i-surfactant 1227, i-acetic acid → imizuzu engama-30 kuya ku-100°C, ukugcinwa kokushisa imizuzu engama-30 → 60°C ukuwasha ngamanzi ashisayo → ukuwasha ngamanzi abandayo → ukufudumala kufika ku-60°C, ukufaka udayi kanye ne-acetic acid ukuze kugcinwe imizuzu eyi-10 → ukufudumala kancane kancane kufika ku-98°C, ukugcina kufudumele imizuzu engama-40 → kancane kancane Pholisa kufika ku-60°C ukuze ukhiqize indwangu.

5.1.1.2 Ifomula yokukhumula:

I-Surfactant 1227: 2%; i-acetic acid 2.5%; isilinganiso sebhati 1:10

5.1.1.3 Ifomula yokudaya ngokuphambene:

Amadayi e-cationic (aguqulwe abe yifomula yenqubo yokuqala) 2O%; i-acetic acid 3%; isilinganiso sokugeza esingu-1:20

5.1.2 Izimbali ezinombala omnyama

5.1.2.1 Indlela yenqubo:

Indwangu, i-sodium hypochlorite, i-acetic acid → ukushisa kufika ku-100°C, imizuzu engama-30 → ukugeza ngamanzi apholile → i-sodium bisulfite → 60°C, imizuzu engama-20 → ukugeza ngamanzi afudumele → ukugeza ngamanzi abandayo → 60°C, faka udayi kanye ne-acetic acid → phakamisa kancane kancane kufike ku-100°C, gcina ufudumele imizuzu engama-40 → Yehlisa kancane kancane izinga lokushisa libe ngu-60°C ngendwangu.

5.1.2.2 Ifomula yokukhumula:

I-sodium hypochlorite: 2O%; i-acetic acid 10%;

Isilinganiso sokugeza 1:20

5.1.2.3 Ifomula ye-Chlorine:

I-sodium bisulfite 15%

Isilinganiso sokugeza 1:20

5.1.2.4 Ifomula yokudaya ngokuphambene

Amadayi e-Cationic (aguqulwe abe yifomula yenqubo yokuqala) 120%

I-Acetic acid 3%

Isilinganiso sokugeza 1:20

5.2 Isibonelo sokwelashwa kokudaya indwangu ye-nylon

5.2.1 Izimbali ezinombala omncane

Uma umehluko ekujuleni kombala ungama-20%-30% okujula kokudaya ngokwako, ngokuvamile u-5%-10% wezinga kanye no-O ungasetshenziswa, isilinganiso sokugeza sifana nokudaya, futhi izinga lokushisa liphakathi kuka-80 ℃ no-85 ℃. Uma ukujula kufinyelela cishe ku-20% wokujula kokudaya, khulisa kancane kancane izinga lokushisa libe ngu-100°C bese uligcina lifudumele kuze kube yilapho idayi imuncwa yifayibha ngangokunokwenzeka.

5.2.2 Imbali enombala ophakathi nendawo

Kuma-shades aphakathi nendawo, izindlela zokususa ingxenye zingasetshenziswa ukwengeza udayi ekujuleni kokuqala.

I-Na2CO3 5%-10%

Engeza i-O1O%-l5% ngokunembile

Isilinganiso sokugeza 1:20-1:25

Izinga lokushisa 98℃ -100℃

Isikhathi 90 min-120min

Ngemva kokuba umbala usunciphile, indwangu ihlanzwa ngamanzi ashisayo kuqala, bese ihlanzwa ngamanzi abandayo, bese ekugcineni idaywa.

5.2.3 Ukushintsha kombala okukhulu

Inqubo:

36°BéNaOH: 1%-3%

I-Flat plus O: 15% ～20%

insipho yokwenziwa: 5%-8%

Isilinganiso sokugeza 1:25-1:30

Izinga lokushisa 98℃ -100℃

Isikhathi 20min-30min (kuze kube yilapho yonke imibala ishintsha)
Ngemva kokuba wonke umbala usususiwe, izinga lokushisa liyancishiswa kancane kancane, bese lihlanzwa kahle nge-0.5 mL ye-acetic acid ku-30°C imizuzu eyi-10 ukuze kuncishiswe ngokuphelele i-alkali esele, bese kuhlanzwa ngamanzi ukuze kuphinde kudaywe kabusha. Eminye imibala akufanele idaywe ngemibala eyinhloko ngemva kokuba isusiwe. Ngoba umbala wesisekelo sendwangu uba phuzi okhanyayo ngemva kokuba isusiwe. Kulesi simo, umbala kufanele ushintshwe. Isibonelo: Ngemva kokuba umbala wekamela usususiwe ngokuphelele, umbala wangemuva uzoba phuzi okhanyayo. Uma umbala wekamela uphinde udaywe, umbala uzoba mpunga. Uma usebenzisa i-Pura Red 10B, yilungise ngenani elincane lophuzi okhanyayo bese uyishintsha ibe umbala we-conscuit ukuze ugcine umbala ukhanya.

isithombe

5.3 Isibonelo sokwelashwa kokudaya indwangu ye-polyester

5.3.1 Izimbali ezinombala omncane,

I-strip flower repair agent noma i-leveling agent esezingeni eliphezulu engu-1-2 g/L, phinda uyifudumale ibe ngu-135°C imizuzu engama-30. Idayi eyengeziwe ingu-10%-20% wesilinganiso sokuqala, kanti inani le-pH lingu-5, elingasusa umbala wendwangu, amabala, umehluko womthunzi kanye nokujula kombala, futhi umphumela ufana kakhulu nowe-swatch evamile yendwangu yokukhiqiza.

5.3.2 Amaphutha amakhulu

I-sodium chlorite 2-5 g/L, i-acetic acid 2-3 g/L, i-methyl naphthalene 1-2 g/L;

Qala ukwelashwa ku-30°C, fudumala ku-2°C/min kuya ku-100°C imizuzu engama-60, bese ugeza indwangu ngamanzi.

5.4 Izibonelo zokwelashwa kwamaphutha amakhulu ekudayini indwangu kakotini ngamadayi asebenzayo

Ukugeleza kwenqubo: ukususa i-oxidation → ukudaya okuphambene

5.4.1 Ukuxebuka kombala

5.4.1.1 Inqubo kadokotela:

Impuphu yomshwalense 5 g／L-6 g／L

I-Ping Ping ene-O2 g／L-4 g／L

38°Bé caustic soda 12 mL／L-15 mL／L

Izinga lokushisa 60℃-70℃

Isilinganiso sokugeza l: lO

Isikhathi imizuzu engama-30

5.4.1.2 Indlela yokusebenza nezinyathelo

Engeza amanzi ngokwesilinganiso sokugeza, engeza i-O esivele isilinganisiwe, i-caustic soda, i-sodium hydroxide, kanye nendwangu emshinini, vula umusi bese ukhuphula izinga lokushisa libe ngu-70°C, bese ukhipha umbala imizuzu engama-30. Ngemva kokukhuhla, khipha amanzi asele, ugeze kabili ngamanzi ahlanzekile, bese ukhipha amanzi.

5.4.2 Ukushiswa kwe-oksijini

5.4.2.1 Inqubo kadokotela

3O%H2O2 3 mL／L

38°Bé caustic soda l mL／L

Isiqinisi 0.2mL/L

Izinga lokushisa 95℃

Isilinganiso sokugeza 1:10

Isikhathi imizuzu engama-60

5.4.2.2 Indlela yokusebenza nezinyathelo

Faka amanzi ngokwesilinganiso sokugeza, engeza iziqinisi, i-caustic soda, i-hydrogen peroxide nezinye izithasiselo, vula umusi bese ukhuphula izinga lokushisa libe ngu-95°C, uligcine imizuzu engama-60, bese wehlisa izinga lokushisa libe ngu-75°C, khipha amanzi bese ufaka amanzi, engeza i-0.2 soda, geza imizuzu engama-20, khipha amanzi; sebenzisa Hlanza ngamanzi ashisayo ku-80°C imizuzu engama-20; geza ngamanzi ashisayo ku-60°C imizuzu engama-20, bese ugeza ngamanzi abandayo agobhozayo kuze kube yilapho indwangu ipholile ngokuphelele.

5.4.3 Ukulinganisa

5.4.3.1 Inqubo kadokotela

Amadayi asebenzayo: 30% x% yokusetshenziswa kwenqubo yokuqala

Impuphu ye-Yuanming: 50% Y% yokusetshenziswa kwenqubo yokuqala

Umlotha wesoda: 50% z% yokusetshenziswa kwenqubo yokuqala

Isilinganiso sokugeza l: lO

Izinga lokushisa ngokwenqubo yokuqala

5.4.3.2 Indlela yokusebenza nezinyathelo
Landela indlela nezinyathelo ezijwayelekile zokudaya.

Isingeniso esifushane senqubo yokususa imibala yendwangu exubile

Amadayi ahlakazekile kanye ne-asidi angasuswa kancane endwangu exutshwe yi-diacetate/uboya nge-3 kuya ku-5% ye-alkylamine polyoxyethylene ku-80 kuya ku-85°C kanye ne-pH 5 kuya ku-6 imizuzu engama-30 kuya ku-60. Lokhu kwelashwa kungasusa kancane amadayi ahlakazekile engxenyeni ye-acetate kuma-diacetate/nylon kanye ne-diacetate/polyacrylonitrile fiber blends. Ukuhlukaniswa kancane kwamadayi ahlakazekile avela ku-polyester/polyacrylonitrile noma i-polyester/uboya kudinga ukubiliswa ngesithwali kuze kufike emahoreni ama-2. Ukwengeza amagremu ama-5 kuya ku-10/ilitha lensipho engeyona i-ionic kanye namagremu ama-1 kuya ku-2/ilitha lempuphu emhlophe ngokuvamile kungathuthukisa ukuqhekeka kwamafayili e-polyester/polyacrylonitrile.

I-1 g/L yensipho ye-anionic; i-3 g/L ye-cationic dye retardant; kanye ne-4 g/L ye-sodium sulfate lapho ibila kanye ne-pH engu-10 imizuzu engu-45. Ingasusa kancane udayi we-alkaline kanye ne-asidi endwangu ehlanganisiwe ye-polyester ene-nylon/alkaline.

I-detergent engeyona i-ionic engu-1%; i-cationic dye retardant engu-2%; kanye nokwelashwa kwe-sodium sulfate engu-10% kuya ku-15% lapho ibila kanye ne-pH engu-5 imizuzu engu-90 kuya ku-120. Ivame ukusetshenziselwa ukususa uboya/i-polyacrylonitrile fiber.

Sebenzisa amagremu angu-2 kuya kwangu-5/ilitha le-caustic soda, kanye namagremu angu-2 kuya kwangu-5/ilitha le-sodium hydroxide, ukuhlanza okuncishisiwe ku-80 kuya ku-85°C, noma isisombululo se-alkaline esimaphakathi sempuphu emhlophe ku-120°C, esingatholakala ku-polyester/cellulose Amadayi amaningi aqondile nasebenzayo asuswa kule ngxube.

Sebenzisa i-3% kuya ku-5% yempuphu emhlophe kanye ne-anionic detergent ukwelapha imizuzu engu-4O-6O ku-80℃ kanye ne-pH4. Amadayi ahlakazekile kanye ne-asidi angasuswa ku-diacetate/polypropylene fiber, i-diacetate/uboya, i-diacetate/inayiloni, inayiloni/i-polyurethane, kanye nentambo ye-nayiloni edayiwe nge-asidi.

Sebenzisa i-1-2 g/L ye-sodium chlorite, ubilise ihora eli-1 ku-pH 3.5, ukuze ususe amadayi ahlakazekile, a-cationic, aqondile noma asabelayo kusuka endwangu ehlanganisiwe ye-cellulose/polyacrylonitrile fiber. Uma ususa izindwangu ezihlanganisiwe ze-triacetate/polyacrylonitrile, i-polyester/polyacrylonitrile, kanye ne-polyester/cellulose, kufanele kufakwe isithwali esifanele kanye nesihlanzi esingeyona i-ionic.

Izinto okufanele uzicabangele ekukhiqizeni

7.1 Indwangu kumele ihlolwe ngaphambi kokuyikhipha noma ukuyilungisa.
7.2 Ukuwasha (amanzi abandayo noma ashisayo) kumele kuqiniswe ngemva kokuba indwangu isihlutshiwe.
7.3 Ukukhumula kufanele kube okwesikhashana futhi kufanele kuphindwe uma kudingeka.
7.4 Uma kuhlungwa, izimo zokushisa kanye nezithasiselo kumele zilawulwe ngokuqinile ngokwezakhiwo zedayi uqobo, njengokumelana nokushiswa kwe-oxidation, ukumelana ne-alkali, kanye nokumelana nokumhlophe kwe-chlorine. Ukuvimbela inani elikhulu lezithasiselo noma ukulawulwa okungafanele kokushisa, okuholela ekuqhekekeni noma ekuqhekekeni ngokweqile. Uma kudingeka, inqubo kumele inqunywe ngokubeka i-stakeout.
7.5 Uma indwangu ihlutshulwe kancane, kuzokwenzeka izimo ezilandelayo:
7.5.1 Ukuze kulungiswe ukujula kombala wedayi, umthunzi wedayi ngeke ushintshe kakhulu, ukujula kombala kuphela okuzoshintsha. Uma izimo zokususa umbala ziqondiswa kahle, zingahlangabezana ngokugcwele nezidingo zesampula yombala;
7.5.2 Uma indwangu edaywe ngamadayi amabili noma ngaphezulu anokusebenza okufanayo ihlutshulwe kancane, ushintsho lombala luncane. Ngenxa yokuthi idayi ihlutshulwe ngezinga elifanayo, indwangu ehlutshulwe izovela kuphela. Izinguquko ekujuleni.
7.5.3 Ukuze kulungiswe ukudaya izindwangu ngamadayi ahlukene ngokujula kombala, ngokuvamile kuyadingeka ukukhumula amadayi bese kudaywa kabusha.