I-1,3-Dichlorobenzene iwuketshezi olungenambala olunephunga elimnandi. Ayincibiliki emanzini, incibilika otshwaleni nase-ether. Inobuthi emzimbeni womuntu, iyacasula amehlo nesikhumba. Iyasha futhi ingabhekana nokusabela kwe-chlorination, i-nitrification, i-sulfonation, kanye ne-hydrolysis. Isabela ngamandla ne-aluminium futhi isetshenziswa ekwakhiweni kwezinto eziphilayo.

Igama lesiNgisi: 1,3-Dichlorobenzene

Igama lesibizo lesiNgisi: 1,3-Dichloro Benzene; m-Dichloro Benzene; m-Dichlorobenzene

I-MDL: MFCD00000573

Inombolo ye-CAS: 541-73-1

Ifomula yama-molecule: C6H4Cl2

Isisindo sama-molecule: 147.002

Idatha ebonakalayo:

1. Izakhiwo: uketshezi olungenambala olunephunga elibi.
2. Indawo yokuncibilika (℃): -24.8
3. Iphuzu lokubila (℃): 173
4. Ubuningi obuhlobene (amanzi = 1): 1.29
5. Ubuningi bomusi obuhlobene (umoya = 1): 5.08
6. Umfutho womusi ogcwele (kPa): 0.13 (12.1℃)
7. Ukushisa komlilo (kJ/mol): -2952.9
8. Izinga lokushisa elibucayi (℃): 415.3
9. Ingcindezi Ebucayi (MPa): 4.86
10. I-Octanol/i-coefficient yokuhlukanisa amanzi: 3.53
11. Iphuzu lokuphazima (℃): 72
12. Izinga lokushisa lokushisa (℃): 647
13. Umkhawulo wokuqhuma ophezulu (%): 7.8
14. Umkhawulo wokuqhuma ophansi (%): 1.8
15. Ukuncibilika: okungancibiliki emanzini, okuncibilika ku-ethanol naku-ether, futhi okuncibilika kalula ku-acetone.
16. Ukuqina (mPa·s, 23.3ºC): 1.0450
17. Iphuzu lokushisa (ºC): 648
18. Ukushisa kokuhwamuka (KJ/mol, bp): 38.64
19. Ukushisa kokwakheka (KJ/mol, 25ºC, uketshezi): 20.47
20. Ukushisa komlilo (KJ/mol, 25ºC, uketshezi): 2957.72
21. Umthamo wokushisa othize (KJ/(kg·K), 0ºC, uketshezi): 1.13
22. Ukuncibilika (%, amanzi, 20ºC): 0.0111
23. Ubuningi obuhlobene (25℃, 4℃): 1.2828
24. Inkomba yokukhanya yokushisa evamile (n25): 1.5434
25. Ipharamitha yokuncibilika (J·cm-3) 0.5: 19.574
26. Indawo yase-Van der Waals (cm2·mol-1): 8.220×109
27. Van der Waals ivolumu (cm3 · mol-1): 87.300
28. Indinganiso yesigaba soketshezi ifuna ukushisa (i-enthalpy) (kJ·mol-1): -20.7
29. Ukuncibilika okushisayo okujwayelekile kwesigaba soketshezi (J·mol-1·K-1): 170.9
30. Izinga lesigaba segesi libiza ukushisa (i-enthalpy) (kJ·mol-1): 25.7
31. I-entropy ejwayelekile yesigaba segesi (J·mol-1·K-1): 343.64
32. Amandla ajwayelekile akhululekile okwakheka esigabeni segesi (kJ·mol-1): 78.0
33. Ukuncibilika okushisayo okujwayelekile kwesigaba segesi (J·mol-1·K-1): 113.90

Indlela yokugcina:
Izinyathelo zokuphepha zokugcina, gcina endaweni yokugcina epholile, enomoya. Gcina kude nomlilo kanye nemithombo yokushisa. Gcina isitsha sivaliwe kahle. Kufanele sigcinwe ngokwehlukana nama-oxidants, i-aluminium, kanye namakhemikhali adliwayo, futhi ugweme ukugcina okuxubile. Sihlonyiswe ngezinhlobo ezahlukene kanye nenani lemishini yomlilo efanele. Indawo yokugcina kufanele ifakwe imishini yokwelapha ephuthumayo evuzayo kanye nezinto zokugcina ezifanele.

ukuxazulula isixazululo:
Izindlela zokulungiselela zimi kanje. Kusetshenziswa i-chlorobenzene njengento eluhlaza ukuze kuqhutshwe i-chlorination eyengeziwe, kutholakala i-p-dichlorobenzene, i-o-dichlorobenzene kanye ne-m-dichlorobenzene. Indlela yokuhlukanisa ejwayelekile isebenzisa i-dichlorobenzene exubile ukuze kuqhutshwe i-distillation eqhubekayo. I-para- kanye ne-meta-dichlorobenzene zihluzwa kusukela phezulu kombhoshongo, i-p-dichlorobenzene ihlushwa ngokuqandisa kanye ne-crystallization, bese kuthi utshwala obungumama bulungiswe ukuze kutholakale i-meta-dichlorobenzene. I-o-dichlorobenzene ihluzwa nge-flash embhoshongweni ukuze kutholakale i-o-dichlorobenzene. Njengamanje, i-dichlorobenzene exubile isebenzisa indlela yokumunca kanye nokuhlukanisa, isebenzisa isihlungo sama-molecule njenge-adsorbent, kanti i-gas phase mixed dichlorobenzene ingena embhoshongweni wokumunca, ongakhetha ukumunca i-p-dichlorobenzene, kanti uketshezi olusele luyi-meta kanye ne-ortho dichlorobenzene. Ukulungiswa ukuze kutholakale i-m-dichlorobenzene kanye ne-o-dichlorobenzene. Izinga lokushisa lokumunca lingu-180-200°C, kanti ingcindezi yokumunca ingcindezi evamile.

1. Indlela ye-diazonium ye-Meta-phenylenediamine: i-meta-phenylenediamine i-diazotized lapho kukhona i-sodium nitrite kanye ne-sulfuric acid, izinga lokushisa le-diazotization lingu-0 ~ 5℃, kanti uketshezi lwe-diazonium lu-hydrolyzed lapho kukhona i-cuprous chloride ukuze kukhiqizwe i-intercalation Dichlorobenzene.

2. Indlela ye-Meta-chloroaniline: Ukusebenzisa i-meta-chloroaniline njengezinto zokusetshenziswa, i-diazotization yenziwa lapho kukhona i-sodium nitrite kanye ne-hydrochloric acid, kanti uketshezi lwe-diazonium luyashiswa lapho kukhona i-cuprous chloride ukuze kukhiqizwe i-meta-dichlorobenzene.

Phakathi kwezindlela eziningana zokulungiselela ezingenhla, indlela efanele kakhulu yokuthuthukiswa kwezimboni kanye nezindleko eziphansi yindlela yokuhlukanisa i-adsorption ye-dichlorobenzene exubile. Sekuvele kunezindawo zokukhiqiza eShayina zokukhiqiza.

Inhloso eyinhloko:
1. Kusetshenziswa ekwakhiweni kwezinto eziphilayo. Ukusabela kwe-Friedel-Crafts phakathi kwe-m-dichlorobenzene kanye ne-chloroacetyl chloride kuveza i-2,4,ω-trichloroacetophenone, esetshenziswa njengesixhumi esiphakathi somuthi wokulwa namagciwane we-miconazole. Ukusabela kwe-chlorination kwenziwa lapho kukhona i-ferric chloride noma i-aluminium mercury, ikakhulukazi ikhiqiza i-1,2,4-trichlorobenzene. Uma kukhona i-catalyst, i-hydrolyzed ku-550-850°C ukuze ikhiqize i-m-chlorophenol kanye ne-resorcinol. Isebenzisa i-copper oxide njenge-catalyst, isabela ne-ammonia egxilile ku-150-200°C ngaphansi kwengcindezi ukuze ikhiqize i-m-phenylenediamine.
2. Kusetshenziswa ekukhiqizeni udayi, izinto ezihlanganisa ukwenziwa kwezinto eziphilayo kanye nezinyibilikisi.