Kuyini i-polymer kungenye yemibuzo evame ukubuzwa ngabantu abaningi ababhekene namakhemikhali okwakha. I-polymer, evame kakhulu ezintweni zokwakha, ifakiwe futhi esakhiweni semikhiqizo eminingi esetshenziswa ekuphileni kwansuku zonke. I-polymer, enezinhlobo ezimbili ezahlukene njengeyemvelo kanye neyokwenziwa, itholakala ngisho naku-DNA yethu.

NjengobaUBaumerk, uchwepheshe wamakhemikhali okwakha, sizophendula umbuzo wokuthi iyini i-polymer esihlokweni sethu, ngenkathi sichaza nezindawo ezisetshenziswayo nokuthi zisetshenziswa kanjani. Ngemva kokufunda isihloko sethu, uzokwazi ukuqonda ukuthi i-polymer, etholakala ezintweni eziningi ezisetshenziswa kumaphrojekthi okwakha, inikela ngani ezakhiweni.

Ukuze uthole ulwazi oluningiliziwe mayelana ne-mastic, enye into yokwakha esetshenziswa njalo, ungafunda isihloko sethu esinesihloko esithiIyini i-Mastic? Isetshenziswa kuphi i-Mastic?

Kuyini i-Polymer?

Impendulo yombuzo wokuthi iyini i-polymer njengencazelo yegama inganikezwa njengenhlanganisela yamagama esiLatini athi “poly” asho okuningi kanye nelithi “mer” asho amayunithi aphindaphindayo. I-polymer ivame ukusetshenziswa ngokufanayo nepulasitiki noma i-resin embonini yamakhemikhali okwakha. Eqinisweni, i-polymer ifaka uhla lwezinto ezinezici ezahlukahlukene. Zitholakala ezintweni eziningi zasekhaya ezisetshenziswa ekuphileni kwansuku zonke, ezingutsheni, kumathoyizi, futhi okubaluleke kakhulu ezintweni zokwakha ezisetshenziselwa ukuvikela ukushisa.

I-polymer iyinhlanganisela yamakhemikhali enama-molecule ahlanganiswe ndawonye ngamaketanga amade, aphindaphindayo. Ngenxa yesakhiwo sawo, ama-polymer anezakhiwo ezihlukile ezingashintshwa ukuze zisetshenziswe ngezindlela ezahlukene. Ama-polymer ahlukaniswe ngezinhlobo ezimbili: ezemvelo kanye nezokwenziwa. Irabha, isibonelo, iyinto yemvelo ye-polymeric eye yasetshenziswa izinkulungwane zeminyaka. Inezimfanelo ezinhle kakhulu zokunwebeka ngenxa yochungechunge lwe-polymer yama-molecule oludalwe yimvelo.

I-polymer yemvelo etholakala kabanzi eMhlabeni yi-cellulose, i-compound ephilayo etholakala ezindongeni zamaseli ezitshalo. I-cellulose ivame ukusetshenziswa ekukhiqizeni izinto ezifana nemikhiqizo yephepha nezindwangu. Ama-polymer enziwe ngabantu noma okwenziwa ahlanganisa izinto ezifanai-polyethylenekanye ne-polystyrene, amapulasitiki avame kakhulu emhlabeni, atholakala emikhiqizweni eminingi. Amanye ama-polymer okwenziwa ayaguquguquka, kanti amanye anesakhiwo esiqinile njalo.

Yiziphi Izici Zama-Polymers?

Ukusebenza kwezinto ezikhulisa ukuqina kumaphrojekthi okwakha kubaluleke kakhulu. Izingxenye zezinto zamakhemikhali ezandisa isikhathi sokuphila kwezakhiwo futhi zenze izindawo zokuhlala zibe ntofontofo kumele zibe sezingeni elanele. Ngakho-ke, izinto ze-polymer zivelele ngezakhiwo eziningi ezahlukene. Ama-polymer angakhiqizwa endaweni yamakhemikhali angaba nezakhiwo ezifiselekayo kuye ngendawo esetshenziswayo.

Ngenxa yalezi zakhiwo, ama-polymer amelana nemithelela enzima engatholakala lapho isetshenziswa futhi abe phakathi kwezinketho ezifanele kakhulu zokukhiqizwa kwamakhemikhali okwakha. Ngakho-ke izinto zokwakha ezisekelwe ku-polymer ezimelana namanzi namakhemikhali zithandwa kakhulu.

Yiziphi izinhlobo zama-polymer?

Ngaphezu kwemibuzo yokuthi iyini i-polymer nokuthi yiziphi izakhiwo zayo, enye inkinga ebalulekile okufanele iphendulwe ukuthi yiziphi izinhlobo zama-polymer ezitholakala emakethe. Ama-polymer ahlukaniswe ngezigaba ezimbili eziyinhloko: ama-thermoplastic, nama-thermoset. Isici esibaluleke kakhulu esenza umehluko phakathi kwalezi zinhlobo zama-polymer ukusabela kwazo lapho zihlangana nokushisa.

1. Ama-thermoplastic

Ama-thermoplastic ayi-resin eqinile ekamelweni lokushisa kodwa iba yipulasitiki futhi ithambe uma ishiswa. Ngemva kokucutshungulwa, ngokuvamile ngokufaka umjovo noma ngokufaka umoya, ama-thermoplastic athatha isimo sesikhunta lapho athelwa khona njengokuncibilika bese eqina abe yisimo esifunwayo ngokupholisa. Isici esibalulekile sama-thermoplastic ukuthi angaguqulwa, ashiswe kabusha, ancibilikiswe kabusha, futhi aphinde akhiwe.

Nakuba ama-polymer e-thermoplastic enikeza izinzuzo ezifana namandla aphezulu okushaya, ukuguquguquka, amakhono okushintsha isimo, kanye nokumelana namakhemikhali, anezinkinga ezifana nokuthambisa nokuncibilika emazingeni okushisa aphansi.

2. Ama-thermosets

Umehluko omkhulu phakathi kwama-thermoset nama-polymer e-thermoplastic yindlela asabela ngayo ekushiseni. Ama-polymer e-thermoplastic athambisa ngokushisa futhi aphenduke isimo soketshezi. Ngakho-ke inqubo yokwelapha iyakwazi ukuguquka, okusho ukuthi angabunjwa kabusha futhi aphinde asetshenziswe. Uma efakwa ku-mold futhi eshiswa, i-thermoset iyaqina ibe yisimo esibekiwe, kodwa le nqubo yokuqinisa ihilela ukwakheka kwezibopho ezithile ezibizwa ngokuthi ama-cross-link, abambe ama-molecule endaweni yawo futhi ashintshe uhlobo oluyisisekelo lwezinto.

Ngamanye amazwi, ama-polymer e-thermoset anesakhiwo esiwavimbela ekuncibilikeni nasekubunjweni kabusha ngenkathi eqina. Ngemva kokuqina, agcina isimo sawo ngaphansi kokushisa futhi ahlale eqinile. Ama-polymer e-thermosetting amelana kakhulu namazinga okushisa aphezulu, anokuqina kobukhulu, futhi awakwazi ukwakheka kabusha noma ukuqondiswa.

Izindawo Zokusetshenziswa Kwe-Polymer

Izinto eziningi zokwenziwa kanye nezinto eziphilayo, okuhlanganisa ipulasitiki, irabha, izinamathiseli, izinamathiseli, amagwebu, upende, kanye nezinamathiseli, zisekelwe kuma-polymer. Ukusetshenziswa okuvame kakhulu kwama-polymer ekwakheni kufaka phakathi upende, ulwelwesi lokuvimbela amanzi, izinamathiseli, uphahla kanye nezimbozo zaphansi, nazo zonke izinhlobo zezinto esingazicabanga.

Njengoba kuthuthukiswe izinkulungwane zama-polymer emakethe endaweni yelebhu, imikhiqizo esetshenziselwa izinhlelo zokusebenza ezintsha ihlala ivela. Ama-polymer, atholakala cishe kuzo zonke izinto ezisekhaya, asebenza kahle kakhulu ekuvimbeleni amanzi. Izinto zokuvikela ezisekelwe ku-polymer, ezingasetshenziswa ezindaweni eziningi ezifana nokhonkolo, insimbi, i-aluminium, ukhuni, kanye nezembozo ze-bitumen, zigcina ukusebenza kwazo ngisho nasemazingeni okushisa aphansi, futhi zinokumelana okuphezulu kwe-asidi kanye nesisekelo, ziphakathi kwezinto ezibalulekile kumaphrojekthi okwakha.

Ungazisebenzisa Kanjani Izinto Zokufaka Ukushisa Ezisekelwe Ku-Polymer?

Izinto zokuvikela ezisekelwe ku-polymer zinikezwa yi-Baumerk ngezinhlobo ezahlukene. Ukusetshenziswa kwezinto ezinikezwa njengesembozo kanye noketshezi nakho kwenziwa ngendlela ehlukile.

Iphuzu elibaluleke kakhulu okufanele licatshangelwe lapho ufaka isiceloI-SBS Modified, i-Bituminous Waterproofing Membraneukuthi indawo yokufaka kufanele ingabi nothuli nokungcola. Uma kukhona amaphutha ebusweni, ayalungiswa ngodaka. Ngemuva kwalokho, isembozo se-bituminous esisekelwe ku-polymer sibekwa ku-membrane primer ebekwe ebusweni bese sinamatheliswa ebusweni kusetshenziswa ilangabi lesibani,

Uma ufaka isiceloI-HYBRID 120nomaI-Hybrid 115, indawo ihlanzwa kuzo zonke izinto bese imifantu ibushelelezi. Ngemuva kwalokho, imikhiqizo, eseyilungele ukusetshenziswa, ifakwa endaweni ephindwe kabili kusetshenziswa ibhulashi, i-roller noma i-spray gun.

I-SUPER TACK 290, omunye umkhiqizo osekelwe ku-polymer kukhathalogi yomkhiqizo we-Baumerk, usetshenziselwa ukubopha amatheyiphu okumisa amanzi ebusweni. Ngenxa yokusebenza kwawo okuhle kakhulu kokunamathela, inikeza ukusebenza okufanayo isikhathi eside ezindaweni lapho kufakwa khona. Njengakwezinye izinto, ubuso kumele buhlanzwe ngokuphelele ukungcola nothuli ngaphambi kokusetshenziswa. Ngemuva kwalokho i-SUPER TACK 290 ifakwa ngokuqondile nangokuvundlile ngezikhawu eziyi-10-15 cm ukuvumela ukudlula komoya. Ekugcineni, izinto ezizonamathela zifakwa ngokusebenzisa ukucindezela okulula ukuze ubukhulu be-glue bube okungenani ama-2-3 mm.

Sinikeze impendulo yombuzo wokuthi iyini i-polymer ngokwenza ukuhlolwa okuningiliziwe. Ngaphezu kwalokho, sichaze nezindawo zokusetshenziswa kwe-polymer nokuthi imikhiqizo esekelwe ku-polymer esetshenziselwa ukuvimbela amanzi isetshenziswa kanjani. Ake sikukhumbuze ukuthi ungathola izinto zokuvimbela amanzi ezisekelwe ku-polymer kanye nezinye izinto eziningi zokuvimbela amanzi phakathi kweBaumerk.amakhemikhali okwakha! Ungakwazixhumana noBaumerkukuhlangabezana nezidingo zakho kumaphrojekthi akho okwakha ngendlela enembile kakhulu.

Ungafunda nokuqukethwe kwethu okunesihloko esithiKuyini Ukuvimbela Ukungenwa Amanzi Nge-Bitumen Ne-Bitumen?ukuze uthole ulwazi oluningiliziwe mayelana nokuvimbela amanzi, futhi ubheke ulwazi lwethu oluwusizookuqukethwe kwebhulogiemkhakheni wezokwakha.