-
Олеамид кас.: 301-02-0 Наш банк может принимать денежные переводы из России
внешний вид: белый или светло-желтый, бусы, микробисеры или порошок.
Упаковка: бумажный пакет с мпоном, 25 кг чистой на мешок для частиц, бусин и микробисеров; 20 кг чистой на мешок для порошка.
Приложение
продукт производится путем синтеза, очистки и других тонких процессов с использованием высококачественной животый олеиловотый олеиловотый олеиловотый олеиловотый олеиловотый олеиловотый олеиловотый олеиловотый олеиловотый олеиловотый олеиловотый олеиловотый олеиловотый олеиловот кислоты в качестве сырья. он нерастворим в воде, имеет определенную растворимость в таких растворителях, как спирт, эфир, кетон и бензон. с хорошей стабильностью против тепла, кислорода и ультрафиолетового света, этот продукт может образовать монослойнулаю мебрация на града на града стью, смазкой, высвобождением, влагостойкостью, антиосаждением, антиблокировкой, антизагрязнением, антистатическим, дисперсаждением.
1. Ngokuphathelene nokuklama kwezinhlobo zezinto eziphilayo kanye ne-антистатического агента для полиэтилена kanye ne-пленкий пленки, антиблокирулиплище.
3
3. Ngokuphathelene nokuhleleka kwezinhlelo ze-агента для покрытия, печати ne-печати, возраста масла волокна и эмульгатора для.
4. он используется в pe, EVA, PVC, эпоксидной смоле, акриловой кислоте, нейлоне и полиэфирном покрытии, улучтидной смоле, акриловой кислоте, нейлоне и полиэфирном покрытии, улучтидной смоле, акриловой кислоте, нейлоне и полиэфирном покрытии, улучтидной смоле, кисловия ть к прикреплению и химическую стойкость. -
Эрукамид кас.: 112-84-5 Наш банк может принимать денежные переводы из России
Внешний вид: белые или светло-желтые бусы, микробисеры или порошок
Упаковка: композитный бумажный пакет, 25 кг чистой сумки для бусин и микробисеров; 20 кг чистой перпак форпорошок.
Приложение
Этот продукт представляет собой восковое твердое вещество без запаха. Его молекулярная структура содержит длинные углеродные цепи и полярный амид.
группа, которая дает ей особенно отличную поверхностную активность kanye хорошую термическую стабильность, а также боленый длителье
i-долгосрочная смазка ne-лучший антиблокирующий эффект, подходит для более высокой температуры обработки.
1. Uke wakhipha i-smazka ngokuya nge-pliолефиновых kanye ne-других полиолефиновых пленок. Можно использовать в качестве агента для скольжения и
антиблокирующий агент для пленок pp, CPP, BOPP, LDPE, LLDPE, EVA, PVC, PVDF, PVDC, pu and других пленок, futhi
многослойная коэкструдированная пленка, сельскохозяйственная пленка с выделением пропускания, полиэтил- сверхвысокой молекулярной маская
I-элен ne-металлоцен полиэтилен.
2. I-Используется в качестве добавки для печатных чернил, чтобы играть роль смазки, антиприклейки и антизагрязнения, задерже
осаждение пигментов и фллеров, помогая диспергировать, повышая износостойкость, царапиностойкость
futhi гладкость поверхности поверхности, особенно улучшение ее гладкости и стойкости цвета
Оринтирование.
3. I-Используется в качестве резинового соединения. Добавляется в резин (SBE, SBP, SBR, PP) для улучшения блеска и пятна
Сопротивление и удлинение резиновых изделий, повышение вулканизации и износостойкости -
I-N-Ethylmorpholine CAS 100-74-3
I-N-Ethylmorpholine inguketshezi olungenambala. Lo mkhiqizo uyancibilika emanzini, otshwaleni nase-ether.
Ingasetshenziswa njengesithako esimaphakathi sezincibilikisi, ama-catalyst, odayi, amakhemisi, nama-surfactants. Ingasetshenziswa njenge-catalyst emkhakheni we-PU. Ivame ukusetshenziswa njenge-solvent yamafutha nama-resin, futhi ingasetshenziswa njengendawo ephakathi ye-organic synthesis.
-
4-Methylmorpholine CAS 109-02-4
I-N-methylmorpholine iyingxenye ebalulekile yamakhemikhali ephilayo. Kuyi-solvent enhle kakhulu, i-emulsifier, i-corrosion inhibitor, i-polyurethane foam catalyst, futhi ingasetshenziswa njengesibulala-zinambuzane esimaphakathi. Izindlela zokuhlanganisa ze-Chemicalbook ikakhulukazi zifaka indlela ye-N-methylation esebenzisa i-morpholine njengempahla eluhlaza, indlela ye-cyclization isebenzisa i-diethanolamine njengempahla eluhlaza, indlela ye-cyclization isebenzisa i-diethanolamine njengento eluhlaza, kanye nendlela yokuhlanganisa isebenzisa i-dichloroethane njengempahla eluhlaza, njll.
Iwuketshezi olungenambala olubonisa ngale. Iphunga lesici. I-Soluble in organic solvents, ixubene namanzi ne-ethanol.Imidiya yemithi kanye nokuhlanganiswa kwamakhemikhali I-Organic synthesis raw materials, ama-analytical reagent, izinyibilikisi ezikhishwayo, iziqinisi zama-hydrocarbons ane-chlorine, ama-corrosion inhibitors, ama-catalysts, ukukhiqizwa kwemithi, njll. -
p-Phenylenediamine CAS 106-50-3
I-p-Phenylenediamine (isiNgisi i-p-Phenylenediamine), eyaziwa nangokuthi i-Ursi D, ingenye yama-diamine anephunga elimnandi. Umkhiqizo omsulwa umhlophe ukuya kumakristalu e-lavender, aphenduka abe nsomi noma abe nsundu ngokumnyama lapho evezwe emoyeni.
umbala. Incibilika kancane emanzini abandayo, i-ethanol, i-ether, i-chloroform ne-benzene.
Ingasetshenziselwa ukulungisa amadayi e-azo, ama-polymers aphezulu we-molecular, futhi ingasetshenziswa futhi ukukhiqiza odayi boboya, ama-antioxidant erabha kanye nabathuthukisi bezithombe. Isetshenziselwa kakhulu ama-aramid, odayi be-azo, odayi besulfure, odayi be-asidi, futhi ingasetshenziswa njengoboya abamnyama D. Ukukhiqizwa kwe-Mao Pi Black DB, i-Mao Pi Brown N2, kanye ne-Chemicalbook rubber antioxidants DNP, DOP, ne-MB. Ibuye isetshenziswe njengempahla eluhlaza ochungechungeni lwedayi yezinwele zezimonyo i-Ursi D, inhibitor ye-polymerization kaphethiloli kanye nonjiniyela. Njengodayi wamakhemikhali, i-p-phenylenediamine okwamanje ivunyelwe ukusetshenziswa ekukhiqizeni amadayi ezinwele, kodwa kunemikhawulo ecacile mayelana nenani lokusetshenziswa.
Itholakala ngokunciphisa i-p-nitroaniline nge-iron powder endaweni ene-acidic. Faka i-iron powder ku-hydrochloric acid, uyishise ibe ngu-90 ° C, bese wengeza i-p-nitroaniline ngenkathi uvuselela. Ngemuva kokuthi ukwengeza sekuqediwe, phendula ku-95-100 ° C ngo-0.5h, bese wengeza i-hydrochloric acid egxilile ngendlela ehlayo ukuze uqedele ukusabela kwe-Chemicalbook yokunciphisa. Ngemuva kokupholisa, nciphisa ngesisombululo se-sodium carbonate esine-saturated ku-pH 7-8, ubilise futhi uhlunge ngenkathi kushisa, bese ugeza ikhekhe lokuhlunga ngamanzi ashisayo. Hlanganisa i-filtrate noketshezi lokuwasha, gxila ngaphansi kwengcindezi encishisiwe, ucwebeze ngokupholisa noma ukhiphe ngaphansi kwengcindezi encishisiwe ukuze uthole i-p-phenylenediamine ngesivuno esingu-95%.
-
1,2-Dichloroethane CAS 107-06-2
I-1,2-Dichloroethane iwuketshezi olunamafutha angenambala, olusobala olunephunga elifana ne-chloroform kanye nokunambitheka okumnandi. Incibilika emanzini izikhathi ezingaba ngu-120, ihlangana ne-ethanol, i-chloroform ne-ether. Ingabe chaza amafutha kanye namafutha, amafutha, upharafini.
Ikakhulukazi esetshenziswa ekwenzeni i-vinyl chloride, i-oxalic acid ne-ethylenediamine, futhi ingasetshenziswa njengezincibilikisi, izifutha zokusanhlamvu, okokuhlanza, ama-extraction agents, ama-metal degreasing agents, njll.
indlela yokukhiqiza:
1. Indlela eqondile yokuhlanganiswa kwe-ethylene ne-chlorine: i-chlorine ethylene ne-chlorine ku-1,2-dichloroethane medium ukukhiqiza i-dichloroethane eluhlaza kanye nenani elincane lama-polychlorides, engeza i-alkali kanye ne-flash evaporate ukuze kukhishwe izinto ezine-asidi nezinye izinto ezibilayo eziphezulu, zigezwe ngamanzi. kuze kube yilapho kungathathi hlangothi, i-azeotropic dehydration, kanye ne-distillation ukuze uthole umkhiqizo ophelile. 2. Indlela ye-ethylene oxychlorination: I-ethylene igcotshwa ngokuqondile nge-chlorine ukuze yakhe i-dichloroethane. I-hydrogen chloride etholwe ngesikhathi sokuqhekeka kwe-dichloroethane ukuze kukhiqizwe i-vinyl chloride, igesi equkethe umoya-mpilo i-Chemicalbook (umoya) ne-ethylene eshiswe kuqala ibe ngu-150-200 ° C idlula ku-copper chloride catalyst elayishwe ku-alumina ngengcindezi engu-0.0683-0.1033MPa , isabela ekushiseni okungama-200-250 ° C, futhi umkhiqizo ongahluziwe uyapholiswa (ujiya ingxenye enkulu ye-trichloroacetaldehyde kanye nengxenye yamanzi), ucindezelwe, futhi ucwengisiswe ukuze kutholwe umkhiqizo we-dichloroethane. 3. Indlela ye-chlorination eqondile ye-ethylene evela ku-petroleum ephukile igesi noma i-oven coke. Ngaphezu kwalokho, i-1,2-dichloroethane iphinde ibe ngumkhiqizo ekukhiqizeni i-chloroethanol ne-ethylene oxide.
-
I-sodium chloride CAS 7647-14-5
I-sodium chloride iyingxenye eyinhloko kasawoti wetafula nosawoti wamatshe. Kuyinhlanganisela ye-ionic futhi iyikristalu ye-cubic engenambala futhi esobala. I-sodium oxide ikhona ngobuningi emanzini olwandle nasemachibini anosawoti emvelo. Ingasetshenziselwa ukukhiqiza i-chlorine, i-hydrogen, i-hydrochloric acid, i-sodium hydroxide, i-chlorate, i-hypochlorite, i-bleaching powder kanye ne-metallic sodium. Kuyinto amakhemikhali abalulekile impahla eluhlaza; I-Chemicalbook ingasetshenziswa ekudleni Izithombo kanye nokuthulula izinhlanzi, inyama nemifino, kanye nokufaka usawoti kunsipho nokushukwa kwesikhumba, njll.; I-sodium chloride ecwebe kakhulu ingase isetshenziselwe ukwenza usawoti ongokomzimba wokwelashwa nokuhlola umzimba, njengokulahlekelwa yisodium, ukulahlekelwa amanzi, ukulahlekelwa igazi, njll. I-sodium chloride ingakhiqizwa ngokugxilisa amanzi olwandle ayikristalu noma ichibi lemvelo likasawoti noma amanzi omthombo anosawoti.
I-sodium chloride iyikhemikhali ebalulekile esetshenziswayo ekulungiseni igesi ye-chlorine, i-metallic sodium, i-caustic soda, i-soda ash nezinye izinto, futhi isetshenziswa kakhulu kumadayi, izitsha zobumba, i-metallurgy, isikhumba, insipho, isiqandisi, njll. Emakhemikhalini okuhlaziya, i-sodium chloride iyi-reagent yokunqunywa kwe-fluorine ne-silicate, kanye ne-reagent ye-benchmark yokulinganisa i-nitrate yesiliva.
I-sodium chloride iyi-matrix ebalulekile yokugcina umthamo we-extracellular fluid. Iphinde ibe nomthelela othile wokulawula kubhalansi ye-acid-base yoketshezi lomzimba. Futhi kungenye yezinto ezibalulekile ekugcineni ukucindezeleka kwe-neuromuscular. Ikakhulukazi isetshenziselwa ukuvimbela nokwelapha i-hyponatremic syndrome, ukuntuleka kwe-sodium (njengokushisa, isifo sohudo, ukushaqeka, njll.), ukushisa ukushisa, njll.; ngaphandle esetshenziselwa ukugeza amehlo, ikhala, amanxeba, njll; umjovo we-intravenous wesisombululo se-hypertonic sodium chloride engu-10% ungakhuthaza i-Peristalsis yamathumbu, uthuthukise umsebenzi wokugaya ukudla.
-
I-Morpholine CAS 110-91-8
I-Morpholine, eyaziwa nangokuthi i-1,4-oxazacyclohexane kanye ne-diethyleneimine oxide, iwuketshezi olunamafutha e-alkaline olungenambala olunephunga le-ammonia kanye ne-hygroscopicity. Ingahwamuka nomhwamuko wamanzi futhi ixubana namanzi. Incibilika ku-acetone, benzene, ether, pentane, methanol, ethanol, carbon tetrachloride, propylene glycol nezinye izinyibilikisi eziphilayo.
I-Morpholine iqukethe amaqembu e-amine yesibili futhi inazo zonke izici zokusabela ezijwayelekile zamaqembu e-amine yesibili. Ihlangana nama-asidi angaphili ukuze kwakhe usawoti, ihlangana nama-asidi aphilayo ukwenza usawoti noma ama-amide, futhi ingenza ukusabela kwe-alkylation. Ingase futhi isabele nge-ethylene oxide, ama-ketone noma yenza ukusabela kwe-Willgerodt.
Ngenxa yezakhiwo zamakhemikhali eziyingqayizivele ze-morpholine, isibe ngomunye wemikhiqizo emihle ye-petrochemical enokusetshenziswa okubalulekile kwezohwebo. Ingasetshenziselwa ukulungisa ama-accelerators enjoloba, ama-rust inhibitors, ama-anti-corrosion agents, nama-ejenti okuhlanza afana ne-NOBS, i-DTOS, ne-MDS. , ama-descaling agents, ama-analgesics, izibulala-zinzwa zendawo, ama-sedative, uhlelo lokuphefumula I-Chemicalbook kanye nezivuseleli zemithambo, ama-surfactants, ama-optical bleach, izilondolozi zezithelo, izinsiza zokuphrinta izindwangu nokudaya, njll. inezinhlobonhlobo zokusetshenziswa. Emithi, isetshenziselwa ukukhiqiza izidakamizwa eziningi ezibalulekile ezifana ne-morpholino, i-virospirin, ibuprofen, i-aphrodisiac, i-naproxen, i-diclofenac, i-sodium phenylacetate, njll.
-
I-2-Ethylhexylamine CAS: 104-75-6
I-2-Ethylhexylamine CAS: 104-75-6
Iwuketshezi olungenambala futhi olusobala, oluncibilika kancane emanzini, oluncibilika ku-ethanol ne-acetone. Okuvutha umlilo. Akuhambisani nama-oxidizing agents aqinile. Isetshenziswa njengendawo emaphakathi yezibulala-zinambuzane, odayi, izingulube, ama-surfactants, nezibulala-zinambuzane. Ingase futhi isetshenziselwe ukukhiqiza ama-stabilizers, ama-preservatives, ama-emulsifiers, njll. Indlela yokulungiselela itholakala ngokuphendula i-2-ethylhexanol nge-ammonia. Kusethi efanayo yempahla yeketela yenqwaba, i-2-ethylhexylamine, di(2-ethylhexyl)amine, kanye ne-tris(2-ethylhexyl) amine ingakhiqizwa ngokuzungezisayo. -
p-Toluenesulfonamide CAS 70-55-3
I-p-Toluenesulfonamide, eyaziwa nangokuthi i-4-toluenesulfonamide, p-sulfonamide, toluene-4-sulfonamide, toluenesulfonamide, p-sulfamoyltoluene, ikhekheba elimhlophe noma i-Chemicalbook crystal yeqabunga, esetshenziselwa ukuhlanganisa i-chloramine-T ne-Chloramphenicol, odayi be-fluorescent, ukukhiqizwa kwe-plasticizer. , ama-synthetic resins, ama-coatings, ama-disinfectants kanye nezikhanyisi zokucubungula izinkuni, njll.
I-p-Toluenesulfonamide iyi-plasticizer eqinile ehle kakhulu yamapulasitiki e-thermosetting, elungele i-phenolic resin, i-melamine resin, i-urea-formaldehyde resin, i-polyamide nezinye izinhlaka. Inani elincane lokuxuba lingathuthukisa ukucutshungulwa, lenze ukuphulukiswa okulinganayo, futhi linikeze umkhiqizo isicwebezelisi esihle. I-p-Toluenesulfonamide ayinawo umphumela wokuthambisa wamapulasitiki oketshezi, ayihambisani ne-polyvinyl chloride ne-vinyl chloride copolymers, futhi ihambisana ngokwengxenye ne-cellulose acetate, i-cellulose acetate butyrate ne-cellulose nitrate.
Indlela yokukhiqiza iqala yengeza ingxenye yamanzi e-HN3 embizeni yokusabela, yengeza i-p-toluenesulfonyl chloride ngenkathi inyakaza, futhi izinga lokushisa likhuphuka ngokwemvelo libe ngaphezu kuka-50°C. Ngemva kokwehla kwezinga lokushisa, amanzi e-ammonia asele ayengeziwe. Sabela ku-85~9Chemicalbook0℃ ngo-0.5h. Ukusabela kugcina lapho inani le-pH lifinyelela ku-8 kuya ku-9. Pholisa ukuya ku-20°C, hlunga, bese ugeza ikhekhe lokuhlunga ngamanzi ukuze uthole umkhiqizo ongahluziwe. Umkhiqizo ube usukhishwa umbala ngekhabhoni ecushiwe, incibilikiswe ku-alkali, ihlukaniswe yi-asidi, ihlungwe futhi yomiswe ukuze kutholwe umkhiqizo.
-
I-Tosyl chloride CAS 98-59-9
I-Tosyl chloride CAS 98-59-9
I-Tosyl chloride(TsCl), njengomkhiqizo wamakhemikhali omuhle, isetshenziswa kakhulu ezimbonini zikadayi, ezemithi, nezibulala-zinambuzane. Embonini kadayi, usetshenziselwa ikakhulukazi ukwenza izinto ezihlukanisayo, udayi weqhwa, nodayi be-asidi; embonini yezemithi, i-Chemicalbook isetshenziselwa ikakhulukazi ukukhiqiza i-sulfonamides, i-mesulfonate, njll.; embonini yezibulala-zinambuzane, isetshenziswa kakhulu ekukhiqizeni i-mesotrione, i-sulfotrione, i-metallaxyl emihle, njll. Ngokuthuthuka okuqhubekayo kwezimboni zikadayi, ezemithi nezibulala-zinambuzane, isidingo samazwe ngamazwe salo mkhiqizo sikhula usuku nosuku.
Kunezinqubo ezimbili eziyinhloko zendabuko ze-TsCl: 1. Ikhiqizwa nge-acid chlorination eqondile ye-toluene kanye ne-chlorosulfonic acid eyengeziwe ekushiseni okuphansi. Le ndlela ikhiqiza i-o-toluenesulfonyl chloride enokuqukethwe okuphezulu, futhi i-p-toluenesulfonyl chloride iwumkhiqizo wayo, futhi kokubili Kunzima ukuhlukanisa futhi kudla amandla amaningi; 2. I-toluene ne-chlorosulfonic acid i-chlorine ngokuqondile nge-chlorosulfonic acid ngokweqile phambi kosawoti othile kanye nezinga lokushisa elithile. Nakuba le ndlela inenani eliphakeme lomkhiqizo we-toluenesulfonyl chloride, isilinganiso sokuhlanza Indlela ilula futhi idla amandla aphansi. Kodwa-ke, ngenxa yezinga lokushisa eliphezulu lokusabela, amafutha e-sulfonated ahlukanisiwe aqukethe ama-sulfone aphezulu futhi anenani eliphansi lokusebenzisa. Isamba sesivuno sangempela singama-70% kuphela ku-Chemicalbook. Ngaphezu kwalokho, zombili lezi zindlela zisebenzisa kakhulu izinto ezingavuthiwe i-chlorosulfonic acid futhi imfucuza ye-sulfuric acid ekhiqizwayo ixubeka kakhulu, engahambisani nokusetshenziswa nokwelashwa kwezimboni. Kukhona nemibiko yokuthuthukisa indlela. Okokuqala, i-p-toluenesulfonyl chloride engxubeni yokusabela icwebezeliswa ngokugcwele ngaphansi kwezimo ezithile futhi izinhlayiya zekristalu ziyakhuliswa. Indlela yokuhlunga okuqondile ngaphandle kwe-hydrolysis isetshenziselwa ukususa i-p-toluenesulfonyl chloride engxube. Nokho, okwamanje kunobunzima obuthile ekukhetheni imishini yezimboni futhi ukutshalwa kwezimali kukhulu. Inqubo ethuthukisiwe: Ama-catalyst afanelekile nezinye izimo zenqubo ezilungile zikhethiwe.
I-Tosyl chloride (TsCl) iyikristalu emhlophe ecwebezelayo enephuzu lokuncibilika elingu-69-71°C. Iwumuthi obalulekile we-organic synthesis ophakathi futhi usetshenziswa ikakhulukazi ekuhlanganiseni kwe-chloramphenicol, i-chloramphenicol-T, i-thiamphenicol nezinye izidakamizwa. .
-
I-Benzyl chloride CAS: 100-44-7
I-Benzyl chloride CAS: 100-44-7
I-Benzyl chloride, eyaziwa nangokuthi i-benzyl chloride ne-toluene chloride, iwuketshezi olungenambala olunephunga elimnandi elinamandla. Ixubene nezinyibilikisi eziphilayo njenge-chloroform, i-ethanol, ne-ether. Ayincibiliki emanzini kodwa ingahwamuka ngomhwamuko wamanzi. Isitimu sawo sinokucasuka okuthile kulwelwesi lwamafinyila lwamehlo futhi iyisisi esikhalisa unyembezi esinamandla. Ngasikhathi sinye, i-benzyl chloride iphinde ibe yindawo emaphakathi ku-organic synthesis futhi isetshenziswa kabanzi ekuhlanganiseni odayi, izibulala-zinambuzane, amakha okwenziwa, okokuhlanza, ama-plasticizers kanye nemithi.
Izinhlelo zokusebenza
I-Benzyl chloride inezinhlobo eziningi zokusetshenziswa embonini. Isetshenziswa kakhulu emkhakheni wezibulala-zinambuzane, imithi, izinongo, izinsiza zikadayi nasezintweni zokwenziwa. Isetshenziselwa ukuthuthukisa nokukhiqiza i-benzaldehyde, i-butyl benzyl phthalate, i-aniline, i-phoxim, ne-benzyl chloride. I-penicillin, i-benzyl alcohol, i-phenylacetonitrile, i-phenylacetic acid neminye imikhiqizo. I-Benzyl chloride ingeyesigaba se-benzyl halide sezinhlanganisela ezicasulayo. Ngokuphathelene nezibulala-zinambuzane, ayikwazi nje ukuhlanganisa ngokuqondile izibulala-sikhunta ze-organophosphorus i-Daifengjing ne-Isidifangjing Chemicalbook, kodwa futhi ingasetshenziswa njengezinto ezingavuthiwe ezibalulekile kwabanye abaphakathi nendawo, njengokuhlanganiswa kwe-phenylacetonitrile, i-Benzoyl chloride, i-m-phenoxybenzaldehyde, njll. Ngaphezu kwalokho, i-benzyl chloride isetshenziswa kabanzi kwezokwelapha, izinongo, izinsizi zodayi, ama-synthetic resins, njll. Kuyinto ephakathi ebalulekile ekukhiqizeni amakhemikhali kanye nemithi. Khona-ke uketshezi olulahlwayo noma imfucuza ekhiqizwa amabhizinisi ngesikhathi sokukhiqiza iqukethe inani elikhulu le-benzyl chloride intermediates.
Izakhiwo Zekhemikhali:
Uketshezi olungenambala futhi olusobala olunephunga elimnandi elinamandla. Ukucweba izinyembezi. Incibilika kuzincibilikisi eziphilayo njenge-ether, utshwala, i-chloroform, njll., engancibiliki emanzini, kodwa ingahwamuka ngomhwamuko wamanzi.
