NgoSepthemba, imboni yasekhaya yokunyathelisa nokudaya yangena enkathini ephakeme yendabuko “yegolide eyisishiyagalolunye nesiliva eyishumi”.Iqhutshwa yizo zombili izintengo ezikhuphukayo zezinto zokusetshenziswa ezikhuphuka nomfula kanye nesidingo esinamandla esivela ezimbonini ezisezansi nomfula njengemboni yendwangu, imakethe ye-disperse dyestuff isiqalile ukukhuphuka, njengoba amanani enyuka ekuqaleni kuka-Agasti aphinde aphinde ngoSepthemba.Inqwaba yezinkampani ezikhiqiza udayi ziveze ukuthi zisemaphethelweni okunyusa amanani azo.

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http://www.mit-ivy.com

inkampani ye-mit-ivy industry

info@mit-ivy.com

ngekhwalithi ye-premium kanye nenani futhi wamukelekile ukubonisana.

Ngokusho komthombo, inkampani ehamba phambili yokudayi, inkampani yemboni ye-mit-ivy, manje isinikela ngama-yuan angama-32,000 ngethani ngalinye kuma-dyestuff amakhulu ahlakazekayo, isuka enanini eliphansi lama-yuan angama-22,000 engxenyeni yokuqala yalo nyaka.Kunomuzwa ojwayelekile embonini wokuthi umzila wamanani akhuphukayo emakethe kadayi uvuliwe.

Kubikezelwa ukuthi engxenyeni yesine ka-2020, nakuba isidingo emakethe kadayi singengcono kunaseminyakeni edlule, kulindeleke ukuthi sithuthuke kakhulu uma siqhathaniswa nekota yokuqala emithathu.Njengoba lolu bhubhane luqhubeka nokuba ngcono, ama-oda avela ezimbonini zokunyathelisa nezokudaya azokwanda, futhi inkambiso ingeyezimboni zokunyathelisa nezokudaya ukuze zigcwalise uhlu lwazo futhi zithenge uma zifunwa.

Engxenyeni yokuqala kaSepthemba, imvelaphi eyinhloko ye-Zhejiang ne-Jiangsu yahlakaza ukunikezwa kwemakethe okumnyama kwe-ECT300% cishe kuma-yuan/kg angama-32, ukuxoxisana okukodwa kwangempela ku-27-28 yuan/kg;I-Guangdong, isifunda saseFujian ukuze kuxoxiswane ngentengo engu-32 yuan/kg eduze.

Inqwaba yamabhizinisi odayi aveze ukuthi ngenxa yokwenyuka kwentengo ye-core medium of dyestuff, intengo yezinhlobo eziyinhloko ze-disperse dyestuff ikhuphuke yafinyelela ku-32,000 yuan/ton, kodwa intengo yokuthengiselana ayikafinyeleli, ikakhulukazi ngoba endala. ama-oda kufanele akhishwe ngokwenani langaphambilini.Nakuba kukhona ukukhuphuka kwentengo, uma kuqhathaniswa nomjikelezo womlando, intengo kusukela ekuqaleni konyaka kuya engxenyeni yokuqala yonyaka isezingeni eliphansi eminyakeni emibili noma emithathu edlule, ngakho-ke ngemva kwemijikelezo embalwa yokwenyuka kwentengo, i intengo manje isisezingeni elimaphakathi kuphela.Amanani aphansi walo nyaka aphakathi kuka-22,000 no-23,000 ngentengo yokuthenga yethani.

Njengamanje, okuwukuphela kwabakhiqizi basekhaya abakhiqiza ama-IED yinkampani yeMit-ivy Industry kanye nenkampani yamakhemikhali yasempumalanga, kanti inkampani yamakhemikhali yasempumalanga ivy kudingeka imise ukukhiqiza ngoJulayi ngenxa yezinkinga zokuphatha ukuphepha, futhi iqedele ukulungisa nokwamukela ngaphambi kuka-Okthoba 9. futhi bese kuqalwa kabusha ukukhiqiza ngemva kokuphasiswa kokugunyazwa okulandelako, yi-Mit-ivy Industry Company kuphela, ekhiqiza udayi omaphakathi we-meso-phenylenediamine, ephethe ingxenye engaphezu kwama-99% yesabelo semakethe, okwenza kube nzima ukushoda kwemakethe.

Kusukela ngoJulayi nonyaka, intengo ye-M-Phenylenediamine ikhuphuke yafinyelela ku-70,000 yuan ngethani, noma ngaphezulu kuka-15%.Eminyakeni yamuva nje, intengo ngethani le-M-Phenylenediamine ifinyelele phezulu ku-150,000 yuan, futhi kubonakala sisekhona indawo yokwenyuka kwentengo.

Manje, njengoba isidingo sezansi nomfula siya ngokuya sisimama futhi izintengo zezinto zokusetshenziswa ezikhuphuka nomfula ezifana ne-is-phenylenediamine, i-cobalt chloride ne-cobalt sulfate zikhuphuka, izindleko ezikhulayo zigqugquzele inani labakhiqizi bakadayi ukuthi bakhuphule amanani abo.Amanani odayi abahlakazayo manje asesezingeni eliphezulu, kodwa asesezingeni eliphansi ukuya elilinganiselwe uma kuqhathaniswa nezintengo zomlando.Inqubomgomo yokulungiswa kwentengo yamabhizinisi akhuphukayo ingase ibangele abathengisi ukuthi bagcwalise kabusha i-inventory noma bagcine ngaphambi kwesikhathi.

Kuyaphawuleka ukuthi, ngokusho komthombo, inkampani yamakhemikhali e-East ivy, umphakeli omkhulu we-mesophenylenediamine e-China enekhono lonyaka lamathani angu-15,000, iphinde yaqala ukukhiqiza ekupheleni kukaMeyi kulo nyaka futhi isanda kumisa ukukhiqiza.Isizathu ukuthi inkampani yamakhemikhali yase-East ivy yatholakala inezinkinga ezinkulu ekuphathweni kwezokuphepha, ukutshalwa kwezimali kwezokuphepha kanye nokuqeqeshwa kwabasebenzi kanye nemfundo ngesikhathi sokuhlolwa kwe-“Casting Safety 2020” esifundazweni saseSichuan, futhi yacelwa ukuthi imise ukukhiqiza ngoJulayi futhi iqedele ukulungisa ukwamukelwa ngaphambi kuka-Okthoba 9. Ukuqaliswa kabusha kokukhiqizwa kubangele ukukhathazeka mayelana nokuzinza kokunikezwa kwe-mesophenylenediamine.

Ama-oda avela ezimbonini zokudaya ezansi nomfula kanye nezigaywayo zokunyathelisa aseyabuya, ngakho ukusetshenziswa kwazo kwezinto ezingavuthiwe nakho kuyakhula, okubashukumisela ukuba bagcwalise izitoko zabo.Futhi ngemva kokwenyuka kwamanani okubili ngo-Agasti nangoSepthemba, amakhasimende angezansi nawo azoba novalo lokuthi intengo izoqhubeka nokukhuphuka, ngakho-ke lesi sikhathi azokhiya ingxenye yempahla eluhlaza sekwephuzile, okuholela enhlosweni yokuthenga yakamuva. ukuthuthukisa.

Umbiko wemboni ye-mit-ivy, Njengamanje, iChina ingumkhiqizi omkhulu wodayi, amabhizinisi odayi agxile kakhulu eZhejiang, Jiangsu naseShanghai, okuyimvelaphi emithathu eyinhloko, ukukhiqizwa kwawo kanye nokuthekelisa odayi kubalwe ngaphezu kuka-90% wemakethe kazwelonke. umthamo.Abakhiqizi abahamba phambili yiMit-ivy Industry Company, Runtu, Yabang, Jihua Group, Anocy, njll., abanelungelo lokukhuluma emakethe.

whatsapp:+86 13805212761 = wechat

http://www.mit-ivy.com

inkampani ye-mit-ivy industry

info@mit-ivy.com

Ngekhwalithi ye-premium kanye nentengo futhi wamukelekile ukubonisana.

Njengenye yezinkampani ezikhiqiza udayi ezihamba phambili ezingu-500 zaseChina, iMit-ivy Industry Company inamandla okukhiqiza amathani angu-300,000 odayi kanye namathani angu-100,000 ezithasiselo, okuyenza ibe umkhiqizi omkhulu kadayi emhlabeni.Ngamathani angu-80,000 omthamo wokukhiqiza kanye namathani acishe abe ngu-20,000 abanye odayi, inesabelo sesibili esikhulu kunazo zonke emakethe kadayi yasekhaya.I-Jihua Group, ekleliswe endaweni yesithathu embonini mayelana nokukhiqizwa kodayi abahlakazekayo, njengamanje inamandla amathani angama-70,000 odayi abahlakazayo, amathani ayi-15,000 odayi abasebenzayo kanye namathani ayi-10,000 abanye odayi.

Ngokohlaziyo lwe-Inner Mongolia Chemical Industry WeChat, intengo yodayi abahlakazayo isezingeni eliphansi kakhulu eminyakeni emithathu edlule, kuyilapho odayi abasebenzayo besezingeni eliphansi kakhulu eminyakeni eyi-10 edlule.Njengoba iningi lezinkampani ezidayi sezizolahlekelwa, ukwenyuka kwamanani kuwukuphela kwendlela yokuzisindisa.Ngokuzayo, sisekhona indawo yokwenyuka kwentengo emakethe yodayi ehlakaziwe, futhi amabhizinisi okuphrinta nokudaya ayelulekwa ukuthi aqoqe kusenesikhathi.

Izikhungo zobunjiniyela zokuvikela imvelo, indaba yokuphila nokuthuthukiswa

Izinkampani zokudaya nokuphrinta kudingeka zikhethe ubuchwepheshe obufanele

Ukususwa kwe-COD ejulile kanye nokukhishwa kombala kokuphrinta nokudaya amanzi angcolile

Ukudaya amanzi angcolile kungenye yamanzi angcolile ayingozi ezimbonini, ikakhulukazi kusukela ekukhiqizweni kwezinto ezidayi kanye neziphakathi zikadayi, okuhlanganisa notshwala kamama obusuka kukristalu bemikhiqizo ehlukahlukene kanye nezindawo eziphakathi nendawo, izinto ezilahlekile ohlelweni lokukhiqiza kanye namanzi angcolile okugeza umhlabathi.Njengoba imboni yokunyathelisa nokudaya iqhubeka ikhula, ukukhiqizwa kwayo kwamanzi angcolile kuye kwaba umthombo oyinhloko wokungcoliswa kwamanzi.

Ngokusho kwabasebenzi bezobuchwepheshe beJiangsu Hapu Functional Materials Co., Ltd, iChina iyizwe elikhulu elikhiqiza udayi, futhi imboni yendwangu yendwangu ikhula ngokushesha eminyakeni yamuva, njengoba ukukhishwa kwe-China kodayi abahlukahlukene kufinyelela kumathani angama-900,000, okubalelwa ku-60. % wokukhiqizwa kukadayi emhlabeni.Ngokwezici ezihlukene zodayi, odayi bangahlukaniswa ngezigaba ezahlukahlukene, ngokuya ngesakhiwo samakhemikhali: odayi be-azo, odayi be-anthraquinone, odayi be-indigo, odayi besibabule, odayi be-quinine, odayi be-triarylmethane, odayi be-heterocyclic.

Kodwa-ke, amanzi angcolile analawa odayi abancibilika emanzini aphinde abe ngenye yezindawo ezingcolile okunzima ukuzilungisa, futhi izinqubo zokuhlanza amanzi zendabuko aziphumeleli kakhulu ekwelapheni laba badayi.Iningi lamadayi aqukethe izinsimbi ezisindayo aqukethe i-chromium, okuyi-carcinogenic, odayi abahlakazayo abekho njengama-ion esixazululo, odayi abaningi abahlakazayo bangama-bioaccumulative, futhi odayi abahlakazayo bazinzile kumakhemikhali futhi ababoli kahle, ngakho-ke, amasistimu okwelapha ebhayoloji endabuko okwelapha amanzi awanawo. ngempumelelo kakhulu ekususeni odayi abahlakazayo

I. Izici zokuphrinta nokudaya amanzi angcolile

Enqubweni yokukhiqiza ye-dyestuff, njenge-sulfonation, nitrification, diazotization, ukunciphisa, i-oxidation kanye nokuhlukaniswa kwe-asidi (usawoti), inani elikhulu lokungcola likhiqizwa.

Kulinganiselwa ukuthi amaphesenti angama-90 wezinto ezingavuthiwe kanye no-10% ~ 30% wezinto ezisetshenziswayo ezingavuthiwe lapho kukhiqizwa udayi zidluliselwa emanzini.

Amanzi angcolile odayi anezici ezilandelayo.

(1) Iningi lezinto eziphilayo emanzini angcolile i-benzene, i-naphthalene, i-anthracene, iquinone namanye amaqembu anephunga elimnandi njengento engumzali, futhi eneqembu elinemibala evelele, elimnyama kakhulu, eline-chromaticity engu-500-500000, engcolisa kakhulu.

(2) Izinto zikadayi nama-molecule amaphakathi ngokuvamile aqukethe amaqembu asezindaweni ezishisayo, athuthukisa ukunyibilika kwamanzi futhi aphumele ekulahlekelweni okukhulu kwezinto ngenxa yenqubo yokukhiqiza kanye nesakhiwo samangqamuzana.

(3) Amanzi angcolile odayi avame ukuba ne-asidi, kodwa futhi ane-alkali, futhi ngokuvamile aqukethe usawoti omningi.

(4) Ukwanda kwesidingo semibala emibalabala, ukwanda kwezinhlobonhlobo zezinto ezidayi, kanye nokuthuthuka kokungazweli e-photolysis, oxidation kanye ne-biodegradation kwenza la manzi angcolile abe nzima nakakhulu ukuthi ahlanzwe yizinhlelo ezijwayelekile zokuhlanza amanzi.

(5) Umbala nokucwebezela kwamanzi angcolile okudaya ngokuvamile kumnyama, futhi impahla ye-biochemical impofu.Ngaphezu kwalokho, amanzi angcolile ohlelweni lokunyathelisa aqukethe inani elikhulu lama-dyestuffs nama-axiliary kanye nenani elikhulu lama-slurries, ngakho-ke i-BOD5 ne-COD yamanzi angcolile iphakeme kakhulu.

Okwesibili, ukwelashwa kokunyathelisa nokudaya amanzi angcolile

1. Indlela yokuhlukanisa i-Membrane

Indlela yokuhlukanisa i-Membrane iwukusebenzisa amafilimu akhethekile ekungeneni okukhethiwe koketshezi kwezingxenye ezithile zendlela evamile, izindlela ezivame ukusetshenziswa zokuhlukanisa ulwelwesi ziyi-dialysis, i-electrodialysis, i-ultrafiltration kanye ne-osmosis ehlanekezelwe, kodwa ubuchwepheshe bokuhlukanisa ulwelwesi ngenxa yokugxila kokuhlukaniswa komehluko. , ukungcoliswa kwe-membrane kanye nentengo yolwelwesi olubizayo, imvamisa yokushintsha iyashesha, ukuze izindleko zokwelashwa zibe phezulu, ngaleyo ndlela zivimbele ngokujulile ubuchwepheshe bokuhlukanisa ulwelwesi lwezinhlelo zokusebenza zezimboni ezinkulu.

2. Indlela yokukhipha

Indlela yokukhipha ukwelapha amanzi angcolile okudayi ukusetshenziswa kwento engancibiliki noma engancibiliki ku-solvent yamanzi ukuze kukhishwe ama-molecule odayi emanzini.Izindlela zokukhipha ezivame ukusetshenziswa ziyisixazululo, i-electrophoretic extraction, indlela yolwelwesi oluwuketshezi.

3. Indlela yokukhipha imisebe

I-Misebe ye-Microwave iyindlela yokukhishwa kwemisebe evame ukusetshenziswa ekwelapheni amanzi angcolile odayi, kodwa inselelo enkulu yalobu buchwepheshe isetshenziselwa ukukhiqiza izinhlayiya ezinamandla kakhulu zamadivayisi abizayo, izidingo eziphakeme zobuchwepheshe, kanye nendlela yokusetshenziswa kwamandla amakhulu, izinga lokusebenzisa amandla phansi;ngaphezu kokugwema ukulimala kwemisebe emzimbeni womuntu, kodwa futhi kudingeka izinyathelo ezikhethekile zokuzivikela.Ngakho-ke, umthetho ozosetshenziswa, nawo udinga ukwenza ucwaningo oluningi kanye nomsebenzi wokuhlola.

4. Indlela ye-oxidation

Indlela ye-oxidation nayo iyindlela evamile yokwelashwa kwamanzi angcolile aqukethe udayi, ikakhulukazi okuhlanganisa indlela yokushisa ephezulu ye-oxidation, indlela ye-chemical oxidation kanye nendlela ye-photocatalytic oxidation.

5. Ukuqina

I-coagulation iyindlela evamile yokwelashwa kwamanzi angcolile, ikakhulukazi indlela yokuhlanganisa kanye ne-sedimentation, i-coagulation kanye nendlela yokuntanta komoya.

6. Izindlela zebhayoloji

Indlela yebhayoloji isetshenziswa kakhulu emanzini angcolile okudayi.Indlela yebhayoloji inezinzuzo zomphumela omuhle wokwelapha kanye nezindleko eziphansi zokusebenza, kodwa ngenxa yezizathu zobuchwepheshe, le ndlela ayizinzile futhi ayisebenzi kakhulu, futhi ithonywa kakhulu izici zangaphandle, ngakho ivinjelwe ekusebenzeni okungokoqobo ngokwezinga elithile. .

7. Indlela ye-Adsorption

Ukusebenza kahle kwe-adsorption kuthonywa izici eziningi ze-physicochemical, ezifana nodayi - ukusebenzisana kwe-adsorbent, indawo ethile ye-adsorbent, usayizi wezinhlayiyana ze-adsorbent, izinga lokushisa, inani le-pH nesikhathi sokukhangisa.

Izidingo zamakhasimende ezimboni

Imvelo yamanzi angcolile kadayi injalo ukuthi ayikwazi ukuphathwa ngezindlela zendabuko ukuze ihlangabezane nezindinganiso zokukhishwa, ngakho-ke, indlela ye-adsorption eyakhiwe yi-Hapu Functional Materials ingasetshenziswa ukuphatha lolu hlobo lwamanzi angcolile ukuze kuzuzwe ibhalansi phakathi komphumela wokwelapha kanye nezindleko zomnotho. .

Izidingo zokuhlanzwa kwamanzi angcolile zamakhasimende ebhizinisi akhiqiza amanzi angcolile odayi ahlanganisa amaphuzu amathathu alandelayo.

(1) Ukususwa okusebenzayo nokuzinzile kwe-COD kanye ne-chromaticity kusuka emanzini angcolile kuya ngaphansi komkhawulo wokuchithwa.

(2) Izindleko eziphansi zokutshalwa kwezimali ngesikhathi esisodwa, izindleko eziphansi zokusebenza kanye nokusebenza kalula nokugcinwa kwezinto zokusebenza.

(3) Inqubo ethuthukisiwe nethembekile, akukho ukungcola kwesibili.

D. I-Hapo yokuphrinta nokudaya abakhiqizi benqubo yokuhlanza amanzi angcolile kanye namacala okufaka isicelo

Umgomo wenqubo yokukhangisa ye-Hapu ukukhangisa ngokukhetha izingxenye noma izinto ezizosuswa ngokusebenzisa i-adsorbent ekhethekile ethuthukiswe inkampani yethu, futhi lapho i-adsorption igcwele, i-adsorbent izokwehliswa ngokusebenzisa i-desorbent ethile ukuze uvuselele i-adsorbent.

Abakhiqizi benqubo yokuhlanza amanzi angcolile e-Hapo kanye namacala okufaka isicelo

1. Ibhizinisi esiFundazweni saseShandong lidinga ukuthi okuqukethwe kwe-COD emanzini angcolile ahlanzekile kube ngaphansi kuka-500mg/L.Umphumela wokuhlolwa wokwelapha ubonisa ukuthi i-COD emanzini angcolile ingaba ngaphansi ngokuzinzile kuno-500mg/L ngokusebenzisa ukwelashwa kwe-adsorption.

Umthelela wokwelapha we-adsorption wamanzi angcolile odayi uboniswa etafuleni.

I-COD emanzini angcolile ingahlangabezana nezidingo zokukhishwa ngemuva kokwelashwa kwe-adsorption.Le nkampani yamukele iphakheji ye-adsorbent nenqubo ye-Jiangsu Hapu Functional Materials Co.

Amanzi angcolile akhiqizwa inqubo yokukhiqiza yebhizinisi lokuphrinta nokudaya, ngemva kokuhlunga kwe-biochemical kanye nokuhlungwa okuhlukahlukene, i-COD yamanzi angcolile isephezulu kakhulu kunezidingo zokungcola kanye nokuqina kombala kuphezulu, ngakho ukwelashwa okwengeziwe kuyadingeka.Amanzi angcolile ahlolwa ngezinto ezikhethekile ze-adsorbent ze-Hapu, futhi imiphumela ibonisa ukuthi izinto eziphilayo ezingabhubhi emanzini angcolile zingahlukaniswa ngamabomu emanzini angcolile futhi ukungcola okukhangisiwe kungahlangabezana nezindinganiso zokuphuma kwamanzi.

Ibhizinisi lezindwangu lingakhiqiza ~ 2500t amanzi angcolile nsuku zonke enqubweni yokukhiqiza.Inqubomgomo ibeka ukuthi izinga lokuphinda lisetshenziswe amanzi angcolile embonini yokunyathelisa nokudaya kufanele lifinyelele ku-60%, futhi inqubo ekhona yokuhlanza amanzi angcolile yale nkampani ine-COD yamanzi omsila we-biochemical futhi ayikwazi ukufinyelela izinga lokuphinda lisetshenziswe.

Ngokwezidingo zokukhiqiza zebhizinisi, amanzi angcolile angelashwa kusetshenziswa izinto ezikhethekile ze-Hapu's adsorbent kanye nenqubo ye-adsorption ukuhlangabezana nezidingo zokuphinda zisetshenziswe, ezingaxazulula izinkinga zokwelashwa kwamanzi angcolile zebhizinisi futhi ngesikhathi esifanayo zehlise izindleko ukwelashwa kokukhishwa kwamanzi angcolile kanye nezindleko zokugcwalisa amanzi amasha, anenani elisobala lezomnotho.

Icala langempela lokusetshenziswa kwe-adsorbent yokuphrinta nokudaywa kokwelashwa kwamanzi angcolile

isicelo senkambu

Izinzuzo eziyinhloko ze-V. Hapu

Izindlela zamanje zokwelapha amanzi angcolile odayi zineziphambeko zazo, kokubili ngokomphumela wokwelapha kanye nezindleko zabo zokusebenza.

Indlela yokuhlukanisa i-Membrane inezinkinga zokungcoliswa kolwelwesi kanye nolwelwesi olubizayo, imvamisa yokushintsha ngokushesha kanye nezindleko zokwelashwa eziphezulu.

Ububi bendlela yokukhipha ukusetshenziswa okukhulu kwe-extractant, futhi ukuhlukaniswa kwe-extractant kunzima kakhulu, izindleko eziphezulu ngethani lokwelashwa kwamanzi, azikwazi ukuba amanani amakhulu okwelashwa okuqhubekayo.

Indlela yokukhishwa kwemisebe ayikabi ubuchwepheshe obuvuthiwe, ukusetshenziswa kwamandla, ukonga kwamandla kuphansi;ngaphezu kokugwema imiphumela eyingozi yemisebe emzimbeni womuntu, kodwa futhi udinga izinyathelo ezikhethekile zokuzivikela.

I-coagulation, i-oxidation kanye nezindlela ze-biological azikwazi ukuhlangabezana nezidingo zokukhishwa ngesikhathi esisodwa, futhi azikwazi ukukhishwa ngendlela ezinzile.

Ngakolunye uhlangothi, indlela ye-adsorption ingasusa ngokuphumelelayo i-organics emanzini angcolile kadayi ibe ngaphansi kwenani lomkhawulo wokukhipha, okuyindlela eyongayo nephumelelayo yokuphatha amanzi angcolile odayi.

Izinzuzo zendlela ye-adsorption zihlanganisa okulandelayo.

(1) Ukuthobelana okuzinzile nezindinganiso ezikhishwayo, ezingadambisa ngempumelelo ingcindezi ekuvikelweni kwemvelo kwebhizinisi.

(2) Yenza izivivinyo kumasampuli amanzi angcolile akhiqizwe esizeni, dweba inqubo yokukhangisa ngokusekelwe kubuchwepheshe nokuhlola, futhi uzuze izinga eliphezulu lokumatanisa phakathi kwamanzi angcolile nenqubo.

(3) Izinto ezisetshenziswayo zithatha indawo yokonga, zinesakhiwo esihlangene kanye nokutshalwa kwezimali okuncane ekwakhiweni komphakathi kanye namathuluzi;i-desorbent isetshenziswa izikhathi eziningana futhi yaqina isinyathelo ngesinyathelo, ngezinga eliphezulu lokusebenzisa i-ejenti kanye nezindleko eziphansi zokusebenza.

(4) Izingxenye ze-Modular zingenziwa ngendlela yamamojula, angashintshwa kalula ngokuvumelana nomthamo wokukhiqiza futhi kulula ukuzifaka.

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