Njengoba kwabikezelwa abezindaba bakuqala, ubhubhane eNdiya alusalawuleki ngokuphelele.
Muva nje, ngokusho kwabezindaba zaseNdiya, kusukela ngo-Ephreli kulo nyaka isibalo nje samacala aqinisekisiwe angaphezu kwezigidi ezi-3.1 amacala amasha ombiko waseNdiya, muva nje, avuselelwe amacala aqinisekisiwe nsuku zonke kanye ne-India kungakapheli amahora angama-24 ngamacala amasha angaphezu kuka-314000 amacala amasha, ngisho nangemva kwezigameko zokuqala zomhlaba i-United States, izwe elikhulu kunawo wonke emhlabeni likhuphuka ngosuku olulodwa.

Uhlelo lokunakekelwa kwezempilo lwaseNdiya luyawohloka njengoba lolu bhubhane lubhebhetheka.
I-India, eseyizwe lesibili ngobukhulu emhlabeni elinamacala aqinisekisiwe alesi sifo, kulindeleke ukuthi yamukele inqubomgomo eqinile yokuvimba umthelela omubi walolu bhubhane.

Mayelana nalokhu, abantu emakethe yaseNdiya bakhathazeka ngokuthi i-India "izophinda amaphutha afanayo" futhi iphinda ukuncibilika kwezomnotho okukhulu okubangelwa ukuvinjelwa kobhubhane ngo-2020. Imboni yezindwangu izoqhubeka nokuyeka ukukhiqiza nokucubungula, futhi izoba okunzima “ukubuyisa” uchungechunge lwemboni yezindwangu ukusuka eNdiya kuya eChina.

Isithombe

Isitsha serayisi sensimbi asiqinisekisiwe!
Ibhizinisi le-trillion-yuan linikezwa i-China

Ukukhathazeka kwabahlanganyeli bemakethe e-India akukhona okungenangqondo.I-India ingumkhiqizi kakotini omkhulu kunabo bonke emhlabeni, umkhiqizi omkhulu wejute futhi imboni yendwangu ibalulekile emnothweni wayo.

Njengomkhiqizi wendwangu wesibili ngobukhulu emhlabeni, i-India inabantu abaningi futhi ibekwe kahle ekuthuthukiseni izimboni ezinomfutho, ngokusho kwedatha yomphakathi.
I-India yenza cishe amaphesenti angama-25 okukhiqizwa kwentambo yomhlaba wonke kanye nengxenye yesithathu yokukhiqizwa komhlaba wonke, okuyenza ibe umkhiqizi wesilika wesibili ngobukhulu emhlabeni.
Izindwangu zingenye yezinkampani ezihola kakhulu imali yangaphandle e-India, ezibalwa cishe ngamaphesenti ayi-15 okuthunyelwa kwezwe kwamanye amazwe.

Njengomkhakha wendabuko, imboni yezindwangu yaseNdiya ibithuthuka ngokuqhubekayo eminyakeni yamuva nje.
Ngo-2019, ubukhulu bemakethe yendwangu nezingubo zaseNdiya bukhulu, ku-$ 150 billion, futhi abanye ochwepheshe babikezela ukuthi ngokuzayo izofinyelela ku-$ 250 billion, usayizi wemakethe wama-trillion-yuan.

Isithombe

Ngokwezibalo, ngonyaka wezi-2019, kudalwe imisebenzi eqondile nengaqondile eyizigidi eziyi-121, okuyenza ibe ngowesibili umhlinzeki wemisebenzi ngobukhulu eNdiya ngemuva kwezolimo.
Imboni yezindwangu yenza cishe amaphesenti ama-2 omkhiqizo wasekhaya wase-India futhi yaheha cishe u- $3bn wokutshalwa kwezimali kwamanye amazwe emakethe phakathi kuka-2000 no-2018.

Kodwa-ke, ukuthuthukiswa kwemboni yendwangu yaseNdiya kuye kwashaywa indiva lapho kubhekwana nalolu bhubhane.
Ngemuva kokuqubuka kwalolu bhubhane ekuqaleni kuka-2020, i-India kwadingeka ithathe izinyathelo zokuvala izwe lonke, kanti i-India “yavalwa” ngenxa yalolu bhubhane, oludale “ukuvalwa” komnotho isikhathi esingangezinyanga ezintathu.
Inani elikhulu lezimboni eNdiya lihlaselwe kanzima, futhi umnotho waseNdiya usaqhubeka nokuhlushwa yilolu bhubhane.

Kuphinde kwawushaya kakhulu umkhakha wezindwangu oncike kubasebenzi, walahlekelwa ngama-oda ngobuningi.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, amakhonteyina amakhulu angaphezu kuka-50,000 ashiywe dengwane emachwebeni aseNdiya ngenxa yokumiswa kwezimoto.
Ngenxa yokuthi ayikho indlela yokuqalisa kabusha ukukhiqiza, inombolo enkulu yama-oda wamazwe ngamazwe i-India eyayiwatholile ngaphambilini ayikwazanga ukulethwa ngesikhathi, okubangele ukulahlekelwa okukhulu.

Isithombe

Kusukela ekusebenzeni okuqondile kwemakethe, inani elikhulu lamabhizinisi endwangu amancane namaphakathi akhanseliwe ama-oda noma awakwazi ukuthatha ama-oda, okuholela ekwehleni kwamathuba okuvula, ukuncipha okubukhali kwenzuzo yenzuzo, noma ngisho nokuqothuka, kanye nokukhuphuka. ukungasebenzi.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, ngenxa yokungaqiniseki kokuthuthuka kwalolu bhubhane, imiyalo eyengeziwe evela eYurophu, e-United States nakwamanye amazwe ikhanseliwe noma idluliselwe kwamanye amazwe, noma ukuhlehliswa kokuthunyelwa okungenamkhawulo, okuholela esimweni semboni yendwangu yaseNdiya. isibe nzima kakhulu.

Ngokwemininingwane ye-UN ekhishwe maphakathi no-2020, i-India ilahlekelwe cishe izigidi ezingama- $ 400 kwezohwebo ngezinyanga eziyisithupha nje, okwalahleka cishe izigidi ezingama-64 zamaRandi emkhakheni wezindwangu nezingubo.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, ngemva kokugqashuka kwalolu bhubhane lomhlaba wonke, ukuhlinzekwa kwezinto ezingavuthiwe embonini yendwangu yaseNdiya kuphazamisekile, futhi ukufuna eminye imithombo yezinto zokusetshenziswa kungase kwenyuse izindleko zemikhiqizo eqediwe, okunomthelela osobala ekuthengisweni.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, ikhwalithi yezindwangu ingase ithinteke kulolu shintsho, ishiye yonke imboni esimweni sokungenzi lutho.

Khonamanjalo, ukuthunyelwa kwezindwangu zaseNdiya nakho kuthintekile ngenxa yokuqubuka kwalesi sifo.
Njengoba lolu bhubhane lusenzima kakhulu eYurophu, e-United Kingdom nase-United States, okusekude nokufinyelela lapho kuhloswe khona ukuvimbela nokulawula, futhi lezi zindawo ziyizimakethe ezinkulu zokuthengiswa kwezingubo zaseNdiya, lokhu kwenza ukuthengiswa kwendwangu yaseNdiya kubhekane nezinselele ezinzima. .

Isithombe

Lokhu kuqubuka kunomthelela omubi emnothweni waseNdiya.
Njengoba uxhaso olunikezwe uhulumeni waseNdiya lwalolu bhubhane lungakhokhwanga ngesikhathi, ukuhleleka kwamabhizinisi athinteke kulolu bhubhane kwehliswe kakhulu futhi ukusinda kunzima, okungaholela ngqo ekudilizweni kwabantu abacishe babe yizigidi eziyi-10 ezweni. Imboni yezindwangu yaseNdiya.

I-India ebingakulindele ukuthi iChina, ebihamba phambili ekunqandeni nasekulawuleni lolu bhubhane, isibe yimbangi eqinile embonini yendwangu.
I-India ilahlekelwe yibhizinisi lama-trillion-yuan eChina ngenxa yalolu bhubhane.

Kusukela engxenyeni yesibili ka-2020, imboni yendwangu nezingubo yaseChina isibuyisele emuva isimo esintekenteke ekuqaleni kwalolu bhubhane futhi yangena emzuliswaneni omusha wokugqashuka.
Ngokusho kwedatha, kusukela ngoJanuwari kuya kuDisemba ngo-2020, ukuthengiswa kwempahla kuzwelonke kwezingubo, izicathulo, izigqoko, izinaliti nezindwangu kudlule ama-yuan ayizigidi eziyizinkulungwane ezingu-12, kanti inzuzo ephelele yemboni yendwangu kazwelonke inyuke ngo-7.9% unyaka nonyaka yafinyelela ngaphezu kuka-110. billion yuan.

Ulwazi lwempendulo yemakethe lubonisa ukuthi kusukela ngoMeyi 2020, imboni yezingubo zaseChina izuze ukukhula okuphindwe kathathu ngoJulayi.Inombolo ye-oda yemboni yezingubo zaseShayina ikhuphuke ngaphezu kuka-200% unyaka nonyaka, futhi inombolo yoku-oda yendwangu kanye nempahla eluhlaza yendwangu ikhuphuke ngaphezu kwe-100%.Ukuthunyelwa kwemboni yendwangu yaseChina ngo-2020 kuyagqama.
Ukuthunyelwa kwezindwangu kwamanye amazwe, okubandakanya imaski yobuso, kufinyelele kuma-yuan ayizigidi eziyizinkulungwane ezingama-828.78 ezingxenyeni ezintathu zokuqala zika-2020, kwenyuke ngamaphesenti angama-37.5.
Ukusebenza jikelele kwemboni yendwangu muhle kakhulu.

Isizathu esenza kube nemiphumela egqamile kangaka, kunezizathu ezimbili eziyinhloko, esinye ukufika kwesizini yohwebo lwangaphandle;
Okwesibili, i-China izothola ama-oda amaningi aphesheya kwezilwandle ngo-2020, akhiqizwa eNdiya, eMyanmar, eBangladesh nakwamanye amazwe.

Isithombe

Imboni yezindwangu yaseChina inezinzuzo ezisobala, kodwa amaphutha adinga ukuxazululwa

I-China isesimweni esingenakushintshwa sokuthola “lawa ma-oda ezimo eziphuthumayo”.
Okokuqala, ngo-2020, i-China kuzoba ukuphela komnotho omkhulu emhlabeni ozoba ngeyokuqala ukuphuma enkingeni yalolu bhubhane futhi izuze ukukhula okuhle.
Lolu bhubhane lube nomthelela omubi kuzo zombili izinhlangothi zokuhlinzeka kanye nesidingo embonini yendwangu.Ukuqalwa kabusha kweChina komsebenzi nokukhiqiza kuwukubonakaliswa kwekhono layo eliqinile lokuvimbela nokulawula.

Uma kuqhathaniswa namanye amazwe abanjwe ukungaqiniseki kwalolu bhubhane kanye nokuphazamiseka ngesikhathi esisodwa kwe-industrial chain kanye ne-supply chain, lapho abathengi bamazwe ngamazwe nezinkampani zamazwe ngamazwe zilungisa ukukhiqizwa kwama-oda emhlabeni wonke, i-China isibe izwe elibaluleke kakhulu ngenani elikhulu lama-oda. ama-oda aphesheya kwezilwandle, aqinisekisa ngempumelelo ukusebenza kochungechunge lwezimboni zamazwe ngamazwe.

Okwesibili, iShayina inezinzuzo ezisobala ekuthumeleni imikhiqizo edinga abasebenzi abaningi emazweni angaphandle futhi ingumkhiqizi omkhulu kunawo wonke emhlabeni futhi ethumela izindwangu kwamanye amazwe.
Ngesikhathi sokuqubuka kwalesi sifo, iChina inikeze amazwe angaphezu kuka-200 imaski yendwangu nezinye izinto zokulwa nobhubhane, futhi iChina imelane nokuhlolwa kochungechunge oluqinile lokuhlinzekwa kwempahla.

Isithombe

Okokugcina, intengo kakotini nezinto zokusetshenziswa e-China iphansi futhi inenzuzo yentengo elethwa izindleko eziphansi.
Ngisho ne-India ingenisa inqwaba yezinto zokusetshenziswa kwezindwangu ezivela e-China minyaka yonke.
Ngokusho kwedatha yocwaningo lwemakethe, i-India okwamanje ayikwazi ukuhlangabezana nesidingo esikhulu kangaka semakethe yezinto zokusetshenziswa.

Ngakho-ke, ukuze kusekelwe umkhakha wayo omkhulu wezindwangu, i-India ingenisa kwamanye amazwe izindwangu zokwenziwa, izinkinobho nezinye izinsimbi zokwenziwa zenani elilinganiselwa ku-$1 billion ezivela e-China minyaka yonke.

Imboni yezindwangu yaseChina inezinzuzo ezisobala, kodwa amaphutha adinga ukuxazululwa.
Njengomkhiqizi omkhulu kunayo yonke emhlabeni, umthengi kanye nomthumeli wezindwangu nezimpahla zokugqoka, iShayina inoxhaxha lwemboni yendwangu oluphelele kunawo wonke emhlabeni olunamandla okukhiqiza aphezulu kanye nezinga kuzo zonke izixhumanisi zochungechunge lwemboni.

Kodwa-ke, ukuthuthukiswa kwesixhumanisi ngasinye sochungechunge lwemboni yendwangu akulingani.Njengamanje, izinzuzo zemboni yendwangu yaseShayina zibonakala kakhulu emikhiqizweni emaphakathi nephansi, kunemikhiqizo ephezulu ye-value-added.
Ngakho-ke, emkhakheni wezindwangu ezisezingeni eliphezulu, sisadinga ukuqhubeka nokucwaninga nokuthuthukisa nokuthuthukisa ubuchwepheshe babo kanye nenqubo, ukuqamba okusha okuqhubekayo, ukudlala ngezinzuzo zobuchwepheshe baseChina, ukwakhiwa kweketango lezimboni kuphelele kakhulu.

Isithombe

Phela, embonini yendwangu, ngaphezu izinto ezivamile ezifana ntambo ukotini, izindwangu ezansi komfula kanye nezingubo umzila womuntu more, ukuphishekela imikhiqizo innovative ukubamba imakethe.
Bese, idizayini yomuntu siqu, isitayela nokunye kunquma intengo yomkhiqizo nesivinini sokuthengisa.
Amabhizinisi endwangu aseShayina athuthukisa ukwakheka kwawo, ucwaningo kanye nokuthuthukiswa kobuchwepheshe obusha, inqubo entsha, ukunaka ukwakheka, ukumba imodeli entsha yenzuzo, njll., kungakha kakhulu ukushoda kwabasebenzi.

Imboni yezindwangu yaseShayina inezinzuzo zezimo zokuthuthukisa iketango lezimboni.
E-China, ubuchwepheshe benethiwekhi yolwazi njenge-inthanethi Yezinto, idatha enkulu, ubuhlakani bokwenziwa, i-5G kanye ne-cloud computing kukhula ngomfutho omkhulu.Lobu buchwepheshe bushintsha indlela yokuphila yabantu kanye nezindlela zokuthuthukisa umnotho.
Enqubweni yokusungula izinto ezintsha nokuthuthukiswa kwezobuchwepheshe, ibhizinisi le-global supply chain lilindeleke ukuba lenze ngokugcwele izinqubo zobuchwepheshe, linciphise isidingo sabasebenzi, lithuthukise ukukhiqiza, futhi libambe iqhaza elibalulekile ekuthuthukiseni ukuncintisana kwamazwe ngamazwe embonini yendwangu.

Yize esikhathini esifushane, lolu bhubhane lulethe umthelela omkhulu kanye nomthelela embonini yendwangu yomhlaba wonke futhi imakethe igcwele ukungaqiniseki, ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, lolu bhubhane luzosheshisa inqubo ye-automation kanye nobuhlakani embonini yendwangu futhi kuthuthukiswe ikhwalithi yomkhiqizo. ukusebenza kahle kokuphathwa kwe-enterprise supply chain.

Njengamanje, nakuba iningi lala ma-oda “kungama-oda aphuthumayo”, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi angakwazi ukuhlala e-China isikhathi eside ngemva kobhubhane noma ngemva kokuphela kwalolu bhubhane, kusenendawo enkulu okufanele siyilwele.
Nakuba ngokukhula kancane kancane komnotho waseShayina, embonini yendwangu, ngokuvamile edinga abasebenzi abaningi, i-China ayinalo inzuzo ezindlekweni zabasebenzi.

Ngesikhathi esifanayo, imakethe yendwangu enkulu ye-trillion yuan "yathunyelwa" e-China, i-India ngokwayo nayo ikhathazeke kakhulu.
Naphezu kwalolu bhubhane, ingase ikwazi ukumelana nengcindezi yokuphinda ithathe ama-oda aphesheya kwezilwandle.
Ngakho-ke, ebusweni beso laseNdiya ngokuhaha, ungalokothi ubone, ukugcina ama-oda endwangu isikhathi eside, kuyinselelo enkulu amabhizinisi endwangu yaseShayina okudingeka abhekane nayo.

Isithombe

Njengoba singena enkathini yangemva kobhubhane, ukusimama kwemboni yendwangu yomhlaba wonke kunenselelo

Ngaphansi komthelela wobhubhane lomhlaba wonke kanye ne-geopolitics, isimo samanje sokuhwebelana kwamanye amazwe sibi nakakhulu futhi ukuncintisana kwamazwe ngamazwe nakho kushube kakhulu.Esikhathini esilandela ubhubhane, ukusimama kwemboni yendwangu yomhlaba wonke kusabhekene nezinselele.
Mayelana nezinselelo, kukhona kokubili ingcindezi yesikhashana kanye nezinselelo zesikhathi eside.

Umqedazwe wembulunga yonke usadlondlobala, umnotho womhlaba uwohloka kakhulu, ukuvikelwa kwezohwebo kuyanda, futhi izingxabano zezwe ziya ngokujula.Isisekelo sokusimama kwezimboni ezihlukahlukene asikakaqini, uchungechunge lwezimboni zamazwe ngamazwe kanye nokuhlinzeka ngezinto zisalungiswa ngokujulile, futhi izici zokungaqiniseki nokuntengantenga ziyakhula.

Isibonelo, ukuthunyelwa kwezindwangu kwe-United States, i-European Union, i-India, iMyanmar, i-Bangladesh namanye amazwe kukhule ngaphansi komthelela walolu bhubhane kanye nezici zezepolitiki.Kodwa-ke, ngenxa yalolu bhubhane, ukuthunyelwa kwendwangu akukakabuyi ezingeni langaphambilini.Ngaphezu kwalokho, kusukela eqinisweni lalolu bhubhane, ukululama kwesikhathi esizayo kuzothatha isikhathi.

Isithombe

Ngo-2020, ukuthengiswa kwezimpahla zokugqoka nezingubo e-United States kuzokwehla ngo-26% unyaka nonyaka, cishe amaRandi ayizigidi eziyizinkulungwane ezingama-200.
Ukuthengiswa kwendwangu ethengiswayo e-EU kwehle ngamaphesenti angama-24.4 unyaka nonyaka.
Kusukela emakethe yamazwe ngamazwe, imakethe yamazwe ngamazwe esetshenziswa izingubo zokugqoka iyonke yabhekana nezingqinamba, e-United States, ukuthengwa kwezimpahla ze-EU nakho kwehlile.

Yize ngoJuni 30, 2020, i-India yaxegisa izindlela zokulawula kancane kancane futhi yamemezela ukuthi isingene esigabeni esithi “Unlockable 2.0″, isadinga isikhathi sokuthi imboni yendwangu yase-India, ehlaselwe ukuphazamiseka kokuthengwa kwempahla, ibuyise ngokugcwele imisebenzi yezomnotho okwedlule ngaphansi kwesimo samanje sobhubhane olungalawuleki, futhi ayikho indlela yokukwenza esikhathini esifushane.

Selokhu kwaqubuka izinxushunxushu eMyanmar ngoFebhuwari 1 kulo nyaka, umnotho waseMyanmar ubulokhu umile noma uhlehla, futhi ukuthunyelwa kwawo kwamanye amazwe kumisiwe.
Imboni yendwangu nezingubo eBurma ibhekene nezinkinga ezinkulu ezidalwe yizinxushunxushu, okuphoqe izinkampani ezinkulu zezimpahla zokugqoka emhlabeni ukuthi zimemezele ukuthi ziyayimisa yonke imiyalo kuleli futhi zifuna amanye amazwe azovala isikhala sazo.

Namuhla, njengoba imboni yendwangu idlala indima ebalulekile emnothweni waseMyanmar, izinkinga ezinkulu ezibhekene nemboni yendwangu eMyanmar zinomthelela omubi kakhulu emnothweni wezwe.

Isithombe

Khonamanjalo, iBangladesh, enemboni yendwangu yesibili ngobukhulu emhlabeni ilandela iChina, yenza kahle.
Imboni yezindwangu iwumthombo oyinhloko we-Bangladesh wemali etholwayo yokuthekelisa ngaphandle, kodwa lolu bhubhane seluphinde lwaphambukisa ama-oda athile asuka ezweni aya eChina.

I-Bangladesh isebenzise "ukuvalwa kwedolobha" kuzwelonke ngo-Ephreli 5 kulo nyaka ukuphendula i-COVID-19.
Ngokwezibalo, ngonyaka ka-2019 kuphela, i-Bangladesh yayithumela kakhulu izindwangu eYurophu nase-United States, ngenani lama- $ 130.1 billion.

Njengamanje, ukuphikisana nezinkinga eziqoqwe isikhathi eside embonini yendwangu yaseShayina zivelele kakhulu.Ngaphansi kwesimo esisha soguquko emhlabeni wonke, kuyadingeka ukuthi imboni yendwangu yaseShayina iqhubeke idlala ngezinzuzo ezivamile zokuncintisana, ithole izinzuzo ezintsha ezincintisanayo, futhi yakhe uchungechunge lwezimboni oluphelele nohlakaniphe kakhulu, okuyindlela edingekayo yentuthuko esimeme. imboni.

Isithombe

Njengamanje, ubudlelwano phakathi kweChina ne-United States kanye neYurophu busesigabeni esingaqinisekile.I-United States namanye amazwe aseNtshonalanga adale imibono eshisayo ngokotini e-Xinjiang, okube nomthelela ekuhwebeni kukakotini kwamanye amazwe e-Xinjiang.
Eqinisweni, lokho amazwe aseNtshonalanga akuhlosile ngempela imboni yendwangu yaseShayina, futhi manje izinkampani zakwamanye amazwe ziye zayeka ukuthumela impahla eluhlaza eChina ukuze zizame ukuqukatha intuthuko yaseChina.

Naphezu kwalokhu, iChina ngeke intengantenge ekuzimiseleni kwayo ukuvula kabanzi emazweni angaphandle futhi ithuthukise umnotho wayo.
Okufanele kulindelwe ukuthi imboni yendwangu nezingubo yaseShayina ibheka izindawo ezintsha zokukhula kwemakethe, njenge-RCEP kanye namazwe “Ibhande Elilodwa Nomgwaqo Owodwa”, ukuze kuthuthukiswe intuthuko eqhubekayo yemboni yendwangu nezingubo yaseChina, futhi imiphumela yokuqala izuziwe. .

Enkathini yangemva kobhubhane, ukuvinjelwa nokulawulwa kwalolu bhubhane kanye nezinxushunxushu eziphindaphindiwe ebudlelwaneni bamazwe ngamazwe kube nomthelela omkhulu kuzo zonke izimboni.
Izinsiza zomhlaba wonke ziyasheshisa

ng ukwakheka nokuhlelwa kabusha, imboni yendwangu yomhlaba wonke iphinde yaqala kabusha, isu elibalulekile lokuthuthukisa ukuzinza kanye nokuncintisana kochungechunge lokuhlinzeka ngezimboni.

Isithombe

Lapho kubhekene nezinselelo eziningi kanye nezinguquko ezingakaze zibonwe emhlabeni, ukuhwebelana kwembulunga yonke kusheshise ukuthuthukiswa kwemboni yendwangu emhlabeni wonke, futhi intuthuko esimeme yemboni isibaluleke kakhulu.
Ukufeza lokhu, sidinga ukugqugquzela ukuhwebelana kwembulunga yonke emhlabeni wonke, ukwenqaba ngokuqinile ukuvikelwa kwezohwebo, futhi siqhubeke nokusungula izinto ezintsha emkhakheni wentuthuko esimeme.